Marquess John BEAUFORT, Of Somerset

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• _UID: B453B522A9694386B78246990561DEC0D51A

Family/Spouse: Margaret De HOLAND. Margaret was born about 1381; died in 1429. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. Duke Edmund De BEAUFORT, King Of Germany was born in 1406 in Westminster, London, Middlesex, England; died on 22 May 1455 in Slain At Battle Of St. Albans, Hertfordshire, England; was buried in Abbey.

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• Name: Of Gaunt
• _UID: 2FA32140B02D4369B079CB1FC86821CEEE9D

John married Catherine De ROET in 13 Jan in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England. Catherine was born in 1350 in Of Picardy, Somme, France; died on 10 May 1403 in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• _UID: 4FA1098F31D049FD9B31E74D8554B577D426

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Married:
NOTE MARRIED

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• FamilySearch ID: 93RN-C7J
• Occupation: ; King of England
• _UID: 8CDCCFBDCE494B7BB7E08AD47E4BC391E3C3
• Crowned: 29 Jan 1327, London, Middlesex, England
• Occupation: 9 Feb 1327, at age 14, after his father was deposed by his mother and her lover Roger Mortimer; Coronation
• MilitaryService: 1340; Battle of Sluys: Edward Present At Battle; French Fleet Destroyed
• MilitaryService: Oct 1346; Battle of Nevilles Cross: Won Captured David II
• Affiliation: 1348, England; The Most Noble Order of the Garter (Founder)

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Edward III (1312-1377), king of England (1327-1377), who initiated the long, drawn-out struggle with France called the Hundred Years' War. Edward was born at Windsor on November 13, 1312, the elder son of King Edward II, of the house of Plantagenet. Involved by his mother, Isabella of France, in her intrigues against his father, he was proclaimed king after the latter was forced to abdicate in 1327. During Edward's minority, England was nominally ruled by a council of regency, but the actual power was in the hands of Isabella and her paramour, Roger de Mortimer. In 1330, however, the young king staged a palace coup and took the power into his own hands. He had Mortimer hanged and confined his mother to her home. Edward began a series of wars almost directly after he had control of England. Taking advantage of civil war in Scotland in 1333, he invaded the country, defeated the Scots at Halidon Hill, England, and restored Edward de Baliol to the throne of Scotland. Baliol, however, was soon deposed, and later attempts by Edward to establish him permanently as king of Scotland were unsuccessful. In 1337 France came to the aid of Scotland. This action was the culminating point in a series of disagreements between France and England, and Edward declared war on Philip VI of France. In 1340 the English fleet destroyed a larger French fleet off Sluis, the Netherlands. The action resulted in a truce that, although occasionally disturbed, lasted for six years. War broke out again in 1346. Edward, accompanied by his eldest son, Edward the Black Prince, invaded Normandy (Normandie) and won a great victory over France in the Battle of Cr?cy. He captured Calais in 1347, and a truce was reestablished. Edward returned to England, where he maintained one of the most magnificent courts in Europe. The war with France was renewed in 1355, and again the English armies were successful. The Peace of Calais, in 1360, gave England all of Aquitaine, and Edward in return renounced his claim, first made in 1328, to the French throne. Edward continued to assert his will both domestically and abroad. In 1363 he concluded an agreement with his brother-in-law, David II of Scotland, uniting the two kingdoms in the event of David's death without male issue. Three years later Edward repudiated the papacy's feudal supremacy over England, held in fief since 1213. He renewed his war with France, disavowing the Peace of Calais. This time, however, the English armies were unsuccessful. After the truce of 1375, Edward retained few of his previously vast possessions in France. The king had, by this time, become senile. He was completely in the power of an avaricious mistress, Alice Perrers, who, along with his fourth son, John of Gaunt, dominated England. Perrers was banished by Parliament in 1376, and Edward himself died at Sheen (now Richmond) on June 21, 1377. He was succeeded by his grandson, Richard II.

Edward married Queen Philipa De HAINAULT in Oct 1327. Philipa (daughter of Guillaume DE HAINAUT, Comte De Hainaut Et Hollande and Jeanne DE VALOIS, Countess De Hainaut) was born on 24 Jun 1313 in Mons, Hainault, France; died on 15 Aug 1369 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England; was buried on 24 Aug 1369 in Westminster Abbey, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• FamilySearch ID: 9Z8W-FY1
• LifeSketch: ; Philippa of Hainault (sometimes spelled Hainaut; Middle French: Philippe de Hainaut; 24 June 1310 (or 1315)? 15 August 1369) was Queen of England as the wife and political adviser of King Edward III. She acted as regent in 1346, when her husband was away
• Name: Philippe DE HAINAUT
• _UID: 2AF1FE764A33470EB0459CE8B47C09B3C62A
• Title: 1328; Queen of England

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Philippa OF HAINAUT, consort of King Edward III of England (ruled 1327-77); her popularity helped Edward maintain peace in England during his long reign. She was married to Edward in October 1327, nine months after he ascended the throne. Accompanying him on his expeditions to Scotland (1333) and Flanders (1338-40), she won universal respect for her gentleness and compassion. In 1347 she interceded and saved the lives of six burghers of Calais, Fr., whom Edward had threatenedto execute. Unlike earlier foreign queens of England, she did not alienate the English barons by bringing large numbers of her countrymen to the royal court.

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• FamilySearch ID: L19M-VCD
• _UID: 28DB362069BA4591A92E3343B3DAF7305321

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Edward II (1284-1327), Plantagenet king of England (1307-1327), whose incompetence and distaste for government finally led to his deposition and murder. Edward was born on April 25, 1284, at Caernarfon (Caernarvon), Wales, the fourth son of King Edward I and his first wife, Eleanor of Castile. The deaths of his older brothers made the infant prince heir to the throne; in 1301 he was proclaimed Prince of Wales, the first heir apparent in English history to bear that title. The prince was idle and frivolous, with no liking for military campaigning or affairs of state. Believing that the prince's close friend Piers Gaveston, a Gascon knight, was a bad influence on the prince, Edward I banished Gaveston. On his father's death, however, Edward II recalled his favorite. Gaveston incurred the opposition of the powerful English barony. The nobles were particularly angered in 1308, when Edward made Gaveston regent for the period of the king's absence in France, where he went to marry Isabella, daughter of King Philip IV. In 1311 the barons, led by Thomas, earl of Lancaster, forced the king to appoint from among them a committee of 21 nobles and prelates, called the lords ordainers. They proclaimed a series of ordinances that transferred the ruling power to themselves and excluded the commons and lower clergy from Parliament. After they had twice forced the king to banish Gaveston, and the king had each time recalled him, the barons finally had the king's favorite kidnapped and executed.

Edward married Isabella Of FRANCE in 1308 in France. Isabella (daughter of King Philip IV Of FRANCE and Countess Joanna (Jeanne) DE NAVARRE) was born in 1292 in Paris, Seine, Ile-DE-France, France; died on 22 Aug 1358 in Hertford Castle, Hertfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• FamilySearch ID: LDQK-6JM
• _UID: BF4AE440D68D4DFF93028DD21CDB065E2B87

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In 1325 Queen Isabella accompanied the Prince of Wales to France, where, in accordance with feudal custom, he did homage to king Charles IV for the fief of Aquitaine. Isabella, who desired to depose the le Despensers, allied herself with some barons who had been exiled by Edward. In 1326, with their leader, Roger de Mortimer, Isabella raised an army and invaded England. Edward and his favorites fled, but his wife's army pursued and executed the le Despensers and imprisoned Edward. In January 1327, Parliament forced Edward to resign and proclaimed the Prince of Wales king as Edward III. On September 21 of that year Edward II was murdered by his captors at Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire.

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• FamilySearch ID: 9SFC-97C
• _UID: 162B48D07725408CBAA724625C598AF2D9A0

Guillaume married Jeanne DE VALOIS, Countess De Hainaut. Jeanne was born in 1294 in Fontainebleau, Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, ?le-de-France, France; was christened in 1294 in Seine-et-Marne, ?le-de-France, France; died on 27 Feb 1342 in Fontenelle, Yonne, Burgundy, France; was buried on 7 Mar 1352 in Maing, Nord, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• FamilySearch ID: LDQK-X3X
• _UID: 3A5B54B47A1B476D9DEADD7E6206A4481C49