Minerva Jane TULLIS

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: L42X-23N
• _UID: 4F0CD1AB88B84C4A9B0F3222AFCDB7704EB3

Other Events:

• Fact 1: Fact 1
• FamilySearch ID: K2NQ-RTV
• _UID: F8532EBEDEC242A89C2A85BFF3BBBB013514

Notes:

Fact 1:
Several children born in Marion Co, MS

Silas married Martha CARNEY on 11 Jan 1823 in Marion County, Mississippi. Martha (daughter of John CARNEY and Ann) was born on 11 Jan 1802 in Tennessee; died in 1850. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: GZGB-YL3
• Residence: Varnado & Franklin LA
• _UID: C018B744200D4CEF99D822D6600936DF22DC
• Census: 1820, Lawrence County, MS
• Residence: 1850, Marion County, Marion, Mississippi

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LJJS-BGT
• _UID: DEBCB113B1A74FF3859873E9BE11BEAFAD88
• Residence: 1767, No Township Listed, Cumberland County, North Carolina
• Legal: 21 Mar 1771, Cumberland, North Carolina, British Colonial America; Mentioned in the will of his father Richard Tullis
• Residence: 1797, Screven, Georgia
• Residence: 1803, North Carolina
• Residence: 1803, Duplin, NC
• Residence: 1816, Pike COunty, Ms
• Residence: 1820, Pike, Mississippi
• Residence: 1840, Marion, Mississippi

Temple married Thankful MILLS in 1782 in Dublin, Bladen, North Carolina. Thankful (daughter of James MILLS and Rebecca A HICKS) was born in Jun 1765 in Georgia; died in 1840 in Marrion County, Mississippi. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: L8S1-4RG
• _UID: BFBF4D340B4241FA8D8DF48BEC121424568D

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LKR8-LVG
• Occupation: ; Captain
• _UID: 81D0D853D54E4685BEFDB9CB13EBE7770580
• Census: 1820, Lawrence County, MS
• Residence: 1830, Marion, Mississippi
• Residence: 1840, Pike, Mississippi
• Census: 1850, Marion County, MS
• Residence: 1850, Marion, Mississippi

Notes:

John Carney, who was 1/4 Choctaw Indian, was born in Choctaw Indian Territory in 1775, as evidenced by Censuses of himself and his children. John was the son of Iklannabee, a half-blood Choctaw Indian Chief and Sally Ann Kearney, a white woman. Growing up, his family resided in Choctaw lands in eastern Mississippi. John Carney was a man of moderate wealth and influence, and while darker than many, could have passed for a white with full privileges. Through various times in his life, John held slaves to assist in his farming/plantation enterprises.

His Mississippi family was related to the Tennessee Carney's through their common heritage with his grandfather Arthur Carney, an Indian Trader, and who had at least two families concurrently. One with a white woman and one with an Indian Chief daughter (Princess), as was the custom at the time in establishing trade relations with the Choctaws. DNA testing of several Carney Family volunteers has confirmed the Mississippi John Carney (B: 1775) line is related through an exact match with 37 markers to the Tennessee John Carney (B: 1748) line.

Some years after the American Revolution, John reached the age of maturity and took a wife. He may have wanted to integrate into American white society and left his Indian lands in Mississippi as a young man, moving to be near his uncle John Carney (B:1748) in time for his first child to be born in 1791 at the age of 16 or 17. We do not know who his wife was, but she is apparently a white girl as evidenced by the diminishing note of Indian heritage. John stayed in Tennessee for around 25 years (during years of turmoil in Mississippi), as several of his children were born in North Carolina and in particular the well documented Elijah Carney, born in Davidson County, Tennessee in 1803. This is further supported by an 1816 Tennessee Court Case, where the State of Tennessee had brought a law suit against John Kerney Sr., John Kerney Jr., and Elijah Kerney over a land dispute. What is important in the filing of the lawsuit is that there are two John Carney's. With the elder John 30 years older than his nephew, it would stand to reason they defined these relations as John Senior and John Junior, from Mississippi origin.

Further to this, we find that one of John Jr.'s children, Nancy Carney - who in 1808 married Bartholomew Baugh in Tennessee, had as a witness to their marriage; John Blackburn - who was the husband of Lucy Carney (John Sr. daughter). You might also notice that the children of John from Mississippi also used many of the familiar family first names bore by the Tennessee Carneys families. All this evidence ties the two family lines of John from Mississippi together irrevocably with the John from Tennessee as close family.

We don't know when John left for Tennessee - as a youth if he was sent there with his father Iklannabee, or as a young man. A possible reason for the relocation to North Carolina/Tennessee from Mississippi was the aborted uprising against Spanish Control in 1781 and when the insurgency was crushed, several inhabitants of Natchez district and surrounds who had taken part or even sympathetic, took refuge in NC/TN. Also, at the end of the American Revolution in 1783, a great migration of persons loyal to one side or another were transitory to different lands. This is the time his grandfather Arthur Carney, was banished from Georgia as an English Loyalist and arrived in east Florida (Mississippi) from Georgia. Many, such as Trader John Turnbull (leader of Spanish revolt) and our John Carney returned later after the Spanish-American war of 1812 ended in 1814, perhaps arriving back in Mississippi in 1817.

William and Arthur Carney being Indian Traders were found trading in these areas from 1783 onwards, in towns such as St. Augustine, Pensacola, Mobile, Chickasaw Bluffs, New Orleans Fernandina, Bon Secour, etc. Other traders of note were Turner Brashear, Lachlan and John McGillivray, John Turnbull, and others. Turnbull has a close family relationship with the Carneys as seem to be locally the Brashears (Brassiers) and the Leflore's

A few years after Sarah "Sallie" was born in Tennessee, John took his family back to Mississippi arriving by 1817 with daughters Martha, Elijah and Sarah "Sallie". Mary and Nancy were married in Tennessee and John "Jack" Carney took a Tennessee bride, but at some point all the children moved to Mississippi also.

Some Census/Rolls:
John Carney on 1817 Tax Roll, Lawrence County MS (believed to be John B: 1775)
John Carney, Jr. on 1817 Tax Roll, Lawrence County MS (believed to by son John B: 1795)

Mississippi State Census Lawrence Co, 1818:
John Carney, Sen. -1 male over 21, 1 male under 21, 1 female over 21, & 2 females under 21. -with 2 slaves

Marion Co, MS -1820:
John Carney Sr. (over 45) is in Marion Co,. with a wife (over 45), son-Elijah & 2 daughters-Martha & Sarah.

Marion Co, MS 1830 Census:
John Carney, Senr. - 1male (60-70) and 1female (50-60) - 3 slaves
John Carney, Jr. on Marion Co, MS Census 1830
Elijah Carney on Marion Co, MS Census 1830

1840 Marion Co, MS Census:
1840, Marion County, John, Sr is between 60 & 70 years old.
Elijah Carney on Marion Co, MS Census 1840

Found in 1850 (age 70) Census of Marion Co, MS.
Census data: 1850 Marion in the House next to Elijah and family-
28 128 128 Curney John 70 M Farming
Birth: Unknown
29 129 129 Curney E. (Elijah) 44 M Miller
Te X
30 129 129 Curney M. (Mahalia) 47 F
Ga.
31 129 129 Curney P. (Polly) 15 F
Mis
32 129 129 Curney T. (Thankful)12 F
Mis X
33 129 129 Curney S. (Simeon) 10 M
Mis X
34 129 129 Curney J. (Jane) 8 F
Census Notes; Children went by middle name. John didn't know his exact place of birth, another indicator of Indian blood birth in Choctaw Indian Territory (Mississippi and east Alabama primarily). Note documentation of birth places, a family history gold mine.

Excerpt from 16 Aug 1932 text written by W.B. Russell age 82:
"Moses Rials, born May 11, 1804, died on his 86th birthday, May 11, 1890. Moses Rials married Sallie Carney, daughter of John Carney, son of Ikenably, an Indian Chief. John Carney's mother was American.
Grandma Sallie Carney had a sister, Pollie, whose posterity dead. She married a Green. I remember visiting her. She lived on what is now known as the Pollie Green place, half a mile southeast of where Uncle John Rials and wife are buried (old Bismark Church). One daughter of John Carney married a Baugh, posterity lives in the counties of Smith, Simpson and Hines."

Other researchers have attached unproven/improbable wives to John. His wife can't be Ann Lucas, because children of Ann Lucas were born in South Carolina, and documentation is clear marriage was too late, and Ann too young, to have had John's children. Sometimes son John's wife Mary Ann Simmons is confused with his dad and of course is incorrect. At the moment, we do not know for certain whom his wife was.

John Carney died before March 21, 1855, (probably around January 1855) when his heirs were found in Marion County Court, making an agreement on the settlement of his estate. His 6 children signed (some with an X) the settlement. In later years, John lived next door to his son Elijah, who was also appointed the executor of his estate.

Marion County Land Deeds Vol C pd 741 3-21-1855
An agreement of The Heirs
Of
John Carney decd
This agreement between Elijah Carney, John Carney, Mary Green, Martha Tullis, Sarah Ryalls, and Moses Ryalls her husband, Nancy Baw and Berthy Baugh her husband, the said Elijah John, Mary, Martha, Sarah, and Nancy ,- - - distributed and heirs of law of John Carney late of Marion County, Mississippi
Witnesseth, That for the purpose of making a speedy and communal division of the estate of said deceased, both real and personal of the property Agree to and with each other as follows: The Slaves belonging to said estate be divided among said distributed in kind, and we hereby agree that Berry -*-- Craft and Nathaniel M Ross may be the commissioners to make such a -*-- and the division to be made by them Shall be binding on all parties. Any in the Value of the Several Slaves (on all parties) Crossed thru ) of the slaves?, Shall be made good by parties out of the money or other property of Said Estate. As soon as the division made by Said Commissioners, which is expected will be in a few days, the dis-*-- muturally to execute to each other proper releases to pass their interest in said accuracy to the division; The real estate, and the balance of the personal estate Sold at public venue on a credit until the first of January next and for -*-- of making such sale the said Elijah Carney is to act as agent and trustee for the - *-- With the privilege of becoming a purchaser at the Sales if he chooses to do so, to take place in a few days, and the purchasers are all to give notes worthy for their purchases. Said Elijah Carney is to receive for the duties of such trustee Such Compensation as the commissioners, above name Shall Say, is right for of the Sales of the real and personal estate are to be applied to the payment of Expences, and distributed in the same mannor as if Said estate had been and according to law: All the heirs are to write in a deed of conveyance to the real estate, The cotton belonging to said estate may be sold at public Sale by the said Elijah Carney for himself agrees that he will faithfully perform the Such trust and agency, and he is to give Security for the Same.
Witness our hands and Seals This 21st day of March A. D. 1855
Elijah Carney [signed]
John X his mark Carney
Mary X her mark Green
Martha X her mark Tullis
Sarah X her Mark Ryalls
Moses X Ryalls
Nancy X Baw
Barthlamew Baugh [signed]
For value Received I hereby covenant and agree to and with the parties name instrument, that Elijah Carney trustee and agent therein named Shall and perform the duties of such trust and agency and made and render a Just account
Witness my hand and Seal This 21th day of March 1855
Elijah Carney [signed]
Filed 7th April 1855
Jno H Webb Clerk
Duly Recorded 7th April AD 1855
Jno H Webb Clerk

Other Documentation:
(1)From Mississippi Territorial tax records - Lawrence Co,:
TAX 1818: JOHN CARNEY, Lawrence Co,, MS: 160 acres, class 4, quality 2,
Location: Falling Creek, held under U.S. title, 1 pole, - State Tax $1.15, County: Tax - $1.31

1818: After tax list for 1818 there appears another list for:
"The Amount of Taxes Assessed and Not Liable to be Collected the Present Year." The statement is as follows: John Carney, Sr., overcharged in white pole State: $3.83, County $2.75.
TAX 1818: John Carney, Jr.: on Falling Creek, 1 Poll, tax - $0.83
(This provides evidence of a John Carney Sr. and Jr. in same Tax Roll)

(2)1819: LAWRENCE COUNTY, MS TAX LIST: JOHN CARNEY: on Pearl River - West, 1 poll $1.00.
1819: LAWRENCE COUNTY, MS TAX LIST: Barthemew Baw -Monticello, 1 poll- $1.00

COMMENT: Between 1820 and 1828- John Carney (the son) seems to be listed in Lawrence County and the rest of the family is in Marion County. This is not hard to understand if you know the area and the history of the changes in the county lines. Part of present day Lawrence County was in Marion and part of present day Marion was in Lawrence. The Pike county line has changed also. This might account for the fact that Elijah Carney was in Marion County in the 1830 census and in Pike County in 1840 census, then in Marion County in 1850.

(3)1828 to 1831, MARION Co,, MS TAX LIST: John Carney Sr, John Carney Jr, Elijah Carney, Silas Tullis, Barthomew Baw.
COMMENT: William Carney was in Marion county in 1828, but is not there in 1829. This could have been one of the Tennessee cousins who came to Mississippi but decided to go back or go west.

(4) 1840 Marion Co, MS Census:
John Carney Senr - 1 male (60-70) & 1female (50-60)
Elijah Carney - 1 m (20-30) & 1 f (20-30), 3 f (0-5)
John Carney Junr -1m (30-40), 1m (10-15), 1m (5-10), 2m (0-5), & 1f (20-30), 1f (10-15), 1f (5-10)
Silus Tullis - 1m(30-40), 2m(5-10) & 1f(20-30), 2f(0-5)
Bartholomew Baugh - 1m (40-50), 1m (10-15), 2m (0-5) & 1f (30-40), 2 (5-10), 1(0-5)

COMMENT: 1840 Marion Co, MS Census: We found John Carney, between 60 & 70 years old, Silus Tillus & Moses Rials. Elijah Carney was in Pike County and Bartholomew Baugh was in Simpson County. John Jr was not in Lawrence, Marion, Pike, Simpson, Smith or any of the surrounding counties. (John, Jr. was in Lauderdale Co)

1. Patent # 4890: Sept 28, 1836, John Carney, Senior, of Marion Co,, MS purchased the W ?,SE 1/4, Sec 27, TWP 5, Range 11E, containing 80 acres, at the rate of $1.25 acres amounting to $100 for which the said John Carney, Senior has made payment in full, as required by Law: signed -
John Carney Sr by Silos Tullos.
2. Patent # 4947: Oct 5, 1836, JOHN CARNEY, Senior, of Marion Co,, MS purchased the E ? , SW 1/4, Sec 27, TWP 5, Range 11E, containing 80 acres, at the rate of $1.25 per acre, amounting to $100. This was signed: John Carney Sr by Peter Q. Bridges.
3. Patent # 5071: Oct 22, 1836, John Carney, Junr. of Marion Co,, MS
purchased the NW 1/4, NW 1/4, Sec 21, TWP 5, Range 12E, containing 39.97
acres, at the rate of $1.25 per acre, amounting to $49.96. This was signed: John [X] Carney, Junr.
4. Patent # 5710: January 17, 1837, John Carney Senr of Marion County purchased the NW quarter, SW quarter, Sec 34 and the SE quarter of SE quarter of Sec 28, TWP 5, Range 11E, containing 80 acres at $1.25 per acre, amounting to $100. This one is signed John (X) Carney Senr.
5. On 30 Dec 1836, John Carney Senr gave a deposition in Lawrence County before J. Caldwell, Clk that he was buying this land for his own personal use and not in trust for another.

COMMENT: All of this land is near present day Lawrence & Marion Co, line. By looking at the map I found that T5N, R11E, - S27, 28 & 34, are SW of Tilton near Tiltons Creek. T5N R12E S16 is where Tiltons Creek empties into Pearl River SE of Tilton. Note Patent #5071: John Jr purchased land in T5N R12E S21 - just over the line in Marion Co, south of S16 (Harmon's land) in Lawrence Co.

Other Comments: Wife can't be Ann Lucas, because children of Ann Lucas were born in South Carolina, and documentation is clear marriage was too late, and Ann too young, to have had these children. Wife can't be sons Wife Mary Ann Simmons. PROOF OF DEATH is the Reading of the Will 1855. Often confused with son John "Jack" Carney in other researchers work.

Other Sources: Over 500 pages of Notes, Records and Files at the Carney DNA Project Jim Carney www.avocadoridge.com/jim March 2010

John married Ann. Ann was born in 1780 in North Carolina; and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• _UID: 5137FB665C0B4BA0BC31B7BB365C952EEFF4

Notes:

I Can't confirm this person is John's wife... details are too similar to son John's marriage to Ann B. Lucas

Other Events:

• _UID: B4B4191EC116488A8AFBB5CCA7C6BDC840EF

Richard married Elizabeth Rachel BARNETT. Elizabeth was born in 1713 in Northumberland County, Virginia, British Colonial America; died in 1783 in Duplin, North Carolina. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• _UID: DEE8BDC0434248FCB1139B1A3FE55EF900C5

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: L8S1-HHS

James married Rebecca A HICKS. Rebecca was born in 1742 in Duplin, North Carolina; died in Jun 1779 in North Carolina. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: 26KF-H8P

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: G9VN-NW3
• Name: Ikkenaby
• Name: Ikleabi
• Name: John CARNEY
• Naturalization: ; His name is in the Register of Choctaw's wishing to become citizens as entered by the government agent
• _UID: 64C954B3FCF541C5B1BCF84ACF97C38A8D83
• Residence: 1800, Craven, North Carolina
• Census: 1820, Choctaw Nation East, Old Marion County Mississippi now Lawrence County, Mississippi
• Residence: 1840, Lawrence, Mississippi

Notes:

A Choctaw Indian Chief or Captain of warriors - bestowed through the maternal line as dictated by Indian tradition, as his white trader father married the daughter of an Indian Chief to secure trade relations as customary at the time. Other spellings: Ikenaby, Iklenaby - In Choctaw language, iklanna means 'half' in relation to blood (brother), and the full meaning was "Half-blood Warrior". Many Choctaw families helped their daughters select a trader as husband. Both Traders and elite Choctaw families sought these unions but chiefs like Franchimastabe and Taboca controlled the actions of such foreigners who wished to become part of Choctaw Society. Elite power became increasingly associated with these foreigners and their imported goods. Only elite Choctaws had marriageable access to traders and only elite Choctaw women married these traders in the late eighteenth century.

Iklannabee's father and mother are unproven at this moment, and my conclusion as to their identity is circumstantial. It is believed his father was a white Indian Trader named Arthur Carney and his mother a Choctaw woman, daughter to a chief, thus his designation along the matriarchal line as a "Captain" under a "small medal" chief. One of his wives was Sally Ann Kearney, his first wife and who is believed to be from Ireland. Her family died on the journey to their new land from a fever, and she was placed as a child with her cousins in North Carolina/Tennessee. The exact family relationship with her American family cannot be determined, but she married her distant cousin Iklannabee who from that point forward began using his and her families surname and was from then known as John Carney among whites.

DNA testing of several Carney Family volunteers has confirmed the Mississippi John Carney (B: 1775) line is related through an exact match with 37 markers to the Tennessee John Carney (B: 1748) line. Despite other researchers speculation, we cannot merge Iklannabee into John Carney (B: 1748) who is believed to be his half-brother. Reasons: (1) That John Carney has children with sufficient documentation proving that they were born and partially raised in the North Carolina and then arrived in Tennessee territory in 1783 - Iklannabee birthdate firmed up about 1758 and would have been father at 12. (2) Iklannabee was Indian in appearance, and ? breeds were not then allowed to own land in Tennessee/North Carolina or serve as juror. (3) It is shown in several Censuses that John and his children were never mentioned to be anything other than white.

The plausible conclusion as evidenced by the DNA testing and rolls, censuses, land deeds, etc is that Iklannabee of Mississippi and John Carney (B: 1748) of Tennessee have the same father, believed to be the same Indian Trader who plied his wares in Indian Territory. The Choctaw Indian Territory extended from Mississippi to eastern Alabama and up the Natchez Trace into Tennessee.

During the Spanish-American War of 1812, Iklannabee (Ikenaby) served under Andrew Jackson, who was later to lead the United States as its President. It is unknown how much action he may have been involved in, since in 1813, Andrew Jackson's militia force of 2,000 men which had been intended for the occupation of Pensacola and St. Augustine, was ordered to stand down. They were no longer needed in West Florida due to war developments, and the War department ordered the men be dismissed from the service while at Natchez, as they were impatiently in readiness for an advance on the British, Spanish and Indians. General Jackson was so disappointed by the order, that he had the men transported back to Tennessee at his own expense.

The Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek, the last in a series of six treaties between the United States government and the Choctaw Nation of Mississippi, was signed on September 27, 1830, between the two prongs of the Big and Little Dancing Rabbit Creeks in present-day Noxubee County, Mississippi. John H. Eaton and John Coffee represented the government, and Greenwood Leflore represented the Choctaw Nation. Under the agreement of the treaty, the Choctaw Nation surrendered their remaining lands east of the Mississippi River to the government and as compensation; the government gave them the land beyond Arkansas (present-day Oklahoma) as a new Indian territory. Another stipulation was that the Choctaws were to relocate during 1831-1833. Treaty was signed by Jerry Carney, Ittabe (Ikenaby - phonetic K is tt as signed here and some other documents) and many others.

Armstrong Roll - Application to remain in Mississippi as Citizen - May 7, 1831; Iklanabee, Children: 0 under 10, 3 over 10, Indian man.
However, Iklannabee was unsuccessful in preventing his family from being sent to Oklahoma reservation and Emigrated to Skullyville, Indian Territory in the winter of 1833:
Muster Roll of Choctaw Indians who arrived in Ark. District, Choctaw
Country West, A.D. l832 and l833 of the 2nd Emigration - Agency Depot:
Skullyville, I.T.: Iklannubbee - in family: 2 males; 2 females; l child;
No. of deaths in l833: 2; Total arrived: 5 in Jan. 25, l833. Iklannabee. emigrated in the company of Mingo Homah, Capt. There is an Ikleabi and and Iklannabbee listed on the 1831 Armstrong roll, and Iklannabbe is our relative.
Library of Congress, Senate, 23rd Congress, 1st Session 1834, Public Lands: Volume 7, page 129. List of claims allowed: "Ibakanaba, 400 acres, Capt. at treaty, purchased by J.H. Horne-Relinquished"

There are some in the family who feel Iklannabee returned to Mississippi after the Emigration because a John Carney is found in the household of Elijah (B: 1803) in 1850. This John is not Iklannabee but his son John Carney B: 1775, aged 70 as correlated precisely to his particulars. Also, Iklannabee is found in the final days of his life on the reservation in 1855 census roll. He still may have returned to his homeland in later years to Mississippi, as he was entitled to as shown in: Choctaw Case Claim 285, Shows Iklanabbe (Col. Wards Register) entitled to 640 acres @ $1.25.
Nonetheless, the Choctaws who preferred to remain in or return to Mississippi after lengthy court cases, received land allotments, became subject to Mississippi law, and were no longer subject to the laws of the Choctaw tribe. Each adult Choctaw who chose to remain in Mississippi received 640 acres of land. Each child over the age of ten received 320 acres while each child under the age of ten received 160 acres of land. Approximately 5,000 Choctaws chose to remain in Mississippi.

Still, the family movements of Iklannabee have shown a degree of restlessness, as did many other family members who moved up and down the Natchez Trace and Choctaw Indian lands. An 1813 lawsuit involving a land dispute in Davidson County, Tennessee (re: the State of Tennessee against JOHN KERNEY, SR., JOHN KERNEY, JR. and ELIJAH KERNEY. Reference: Book - Davidson County, Tennessee County Court Minutes was settled out of court), might indicate the presence for the first time of Iklannabee, now known as John Carney in the white man's world, as being in Tennessee, but this is considered very unlikely and thought to be his son, John Carney born in 1775.

Additional Sources: Over 500 pages of Notes, Records and Files at the Carney DNA Project Jim Carney www.avocadoridge.com/jim March 2010

Iklannabee married Sally Ann KEARNEY (CARNEY) about 1775 in Mississippi. Sally was born about 1758 in Ireland; died before 1850 in Bogue Chitto Station, Old Marion Co, Missisippi. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: K8SX-GTK
• _UID: 3D22A18B5B7F4D668404A155F64FF16834B6

Notes:

Sally Ann Kearney is believed to be from Ireland, and related to the North Carolina/Tennessee Carney's. Her family died of a fever enroute to their new land and she was placed as a child with her cousins/relatives in America. The exact relationship with her American family cannot be determined, but she did marry her distant cousin Iklannabee who from that point forward began using his and her families surname and was from then known as John Carney among whites, while maintaining his Choctaw name among the Indians.

Additional supporting info from Bill Carney:
"This is how the story is still told by the old-timers around the Tilton, MS area (lower Lawrence Co.). I haven't been able to confirm through research. ...Sally Carney was taken in by another family after her's all died of a fever enroute from Ireland. Married Ikenaby who took her last name."

Sources: Over 500 pages of Notes, Records and Files at the Carney DNA Project Jim Carney www.avocadoridge.com/jim March 2010