William SINCLAIR

Other Events:

• Clan: ; Clan Sinclair
• FamilySearch ID: LCCN-H49
• Name: William SINCLAIR
• _UID: A16D21FEEAE945E29CD2A7FC7AB46F21F63D
• MilitaryService: 1436, Scotland; Sinclair was high admiral of Scotland
• TitleOfNobility: Between 1454 and 1456, Scotland; Chancellor of Scotland
• TitleOfNobility: 16 Sep 1476, Fife, Scotland; Feudal Baron of Ravenscraig and Dysart

William married Elizabeth DOUGLAS about 1431 in Scotland. Elizabeth (daughter of Archibald DOUGLAS, 4th Earl of Douglas and Lady Margaret STEWART) was born in 1401 in Douglas, Lanarkshire, Scotland; died in 1451 in Traquair, Scottish Borders, Scotland, United Kingdom; was buried in 1451 in Traquair, Scottish Borders, Scotland, United Kingdom. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. Catherine SINCLAIR was born in 1434 in Scotland; died in 1479 in Scotland, United Kingdom.
2. Baron William SINCLAIR was born about 1435 in Newburgh, Foveran, Aberdeenshire, England; died after Jul 1487.
3. Elizabeth SINCLAIR was born in 1440 in Caithness, Scotland, United Kingdom; died in 1508 in Rothes, Morayshire, Scotland, United Kingdom.

William married Marjory SUTHERLAND before 15 Nov 1456. Marjory was born in 1424 in Dunbeath Castle, Caithness, Scotland; died on 29 Apr 1480 in Dunbeath Castle, Caithness, Scotland; was buried in Dunkeld Cathedral Graveyard, Dunkeld, Perth and Kinross, Scotland, United Kingdom. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. Marjory SINCLAIR, Of Orkney was born about 1455 in Roslin Castle, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland; died in 1508 in Scotland.
2. Lady Eleanor SINCLAIR, Countess of Atholl was born on 19 Apr 1457 in Ravencraig Castle, Kirkaldy, Fifeshire, Scotland; died on 21 Mar 1519 in Laighwood Castle, Dunkeld, Perthshire, Scotland; was buried on 31 Mar 1518 in Dunkeld, Perthshire, Scotland.
3. William SINCLAIR, II was born in 1459 in Ravenscraig, Renfrewshire, Scotland; died on 9 Sep 1513 in Flodden Field, Northumberland, England; was buried in Sep 1513.
4. George SINCLAIR was born in 1460 in Roslin, Caithness, Scotland; and died.

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: MF13-35Q
• MilitaryService: ; captured following the Battle of Homildon Hill in 1402,
• TitleOfNobility: ; 10th Baron Of Roslin
• TitleOfNobility: ; 2nd Earl of Orkney
• Occupation: ; Chief Justice of Scotland
• Occupation: ; Pantler of Scotland
• _UID: 4D35D17117344B008864C1356354C788427D

Notes:

The Life Summary of Henry
When Sir Henry Sinclair II, Baron Of Roslin, 2nd Earl Of Orkney was born in 1389, in Orkney Islands, Orkney, Scotland, United Kingdom, his father, Henry 1st Earl of Orkney Baron of Rosslyn Sinclair, was 37 and his mother, Jean Haliburton, was 39. He married Countess Egidia Jill Douglas of Orkney on 17 February 1404, in Perthshire, Scotland, United Kingdom. They were the parents of at least 4 sons and 6 daughters. He died on 1 February 1422, in Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland, at the age of 33, and was buried in Midlothian, Scotland.


Henry Sinclair, 2nd Earl of Orkney (c. 1375 ? 1420) was a Norwegian nobleman and Planter of Scotland.

He was son of Henry Sinclair, the Earl of Orkney, by his wife Jean, daughter of John Halyburton of Dirleton. Sinclair was one of those captured following the Battle of Homildon Hill in 1402, but released on ransom. He had succeeded his father, de facto, as Earl by 1404; there is no record that he was ever officially installed as Earl, and no certain record that he ever visited his Earldom.

He was one of those who accompanied James Duke of Rothesay on his journey to France aboard the Maryenknyght, which was captured by English pirates off Flamborough Head in 1406. He followed the prince into captivity, but was soon released. Subsequently he was often in England on business connected with the king's imprisonment. He also spent some time in the service of the Duke of Burgundy.
In about 1407 he married Egidia Douglas, daughter of Sir William Douglas of Nithsdale and maternal granddaughter of King Robert II of Scotland.

*William Sinclair, last Jarl of Orkney, and first Earl of Caithness
*Beatrix Sinclair, who married James Douglas, 7th Earl of Douglas.
Henry Sinclair died of influenza c. 1420.

===
additional information:
The son: William Sinclair, 1st Earl of Caithness, 3rd Earl of Orkney and founder of Rosslyn Chapel married three times - Elizabeth Douglass Dowager Countess of Buchan (who was also a wife of a Douglas previously) Marjory Sutherland of Dunbeath (the wife which shows up in the genealogy here) and Janet Yeman.

Henry married Egidia (Jill) DOUGLAS on 17 Nov 1407 in Perth, Perthshire, Scotland. Egidia (daughter of Sir William DOUGLAS and Princess Egidia STUART, Of Scottland) was born about 1375 in Nithsdale, Dumfriesshire, Scotland; died about 1438 in Orkney Islands, Orkney, Scotland; was buried about 1438 in Orkney Islands, Orkney, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LRPD-JTK
• TitleOfNobility: ; Countess of Orkney
• Name: Jill DOUGLAS
• _UID: 01DD4444D66C462B9B44534276C7276253E7

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LJY7-LY3
• _UID: 50C515B4AEB54BB28427713090FAF54C551F

Henry married Jean HALYBURTON. Jean and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• _UID: 0B528AF1DBCD4ECCBB554E9F0329206447D7

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: GDMF-G11
• _UID: 4FB76637A1D846E9BC65080C1A9E40B0284A

Notes:

Sir William Douglas of Nithsdale (c. 1370-1391 AD) was a Scottish knight and Northern Crusader.

Early life
William Douglas was an illegitimate son of Archibald the Grim, 3rd Earl of Douglas and an unknown mother.

A man of apparently dashing bearing, Douglas was with the Franco-Scots army when it unsuccessfully besieged Carlisle Castle in 1385, the defending Governor being Lord Clifford. He is recorded as there performing feats of valour and killing many Englishmen.

According to Andrew of Wyntoun:

"A yhowng joly bachelere
Prysyd gretly wes off were,
For he wes evyr traveland
Qwhille be se and qwhille be land
To skathe his fays rycht besy
Swa that thai dred him grettumly"

Marriage
Douglas certainly had gained his spurs by 1387 when he married Egidia (or Gelis) Stewart, princess of Scotland, a daughter of King Robert II. According to the Liber Pluscarden, Egidia Stewart's beauty was well renowned. Charles V of France had "sent a certain most subtle painter to do her portrait and portray her charms, intending to take her to wife." But the King of France and all other of Egidia's admirers had lost out to the chivalric charms of Douglas. As part of her marriage portion went the lands of Nithsdale in south-western Scotland, Herbertshire in the county of Stirling and an annuity of ?300.

Ireland
Within his first year of marriage the young Nithsdale led a punitive raid against Irish raiders who had been troubling the tenantry of his father's Fiefdom of Galloway. In early summer 1388, with a party of 500 well prepared veteran men-at-arms he sailed into Carlingford Lough, landed outside the town and summoned their leaders. The chief of the townsfolk offered a sum for a temporary truce, to which Nithsdale agreed. Secretly the townsfolk sent off to Dundalk for reinforcements, with which they were obliged. 800 spearmen from Dundalk surprised the Scots camp by night, and were supported by a sortie from Carlingford town. The Scots, veterans of years of brutal Border warfare, drove the Irishmen off, captured the town and burnt it, seized the Castle and captured 15 ships in the harbour. En route back to Scotland Nithsdale "ravaged" the Isle of Man. Nithsdale's expeditionary force sailed back into Loch Ryan with enough time to participate in the raiding of Northern England that was to culminate in the Battle of Otterburn on 19 August, in which he fought with distinction.

Feuding, Crusading and Death
The year after Otterburn a truce was called between Scotland and England. Nithsdale on a knightly quest for glory decided, about 1389, to join the Teutonic Knights, who were fighting the Lithuanians in Baltic region. Nithsdale had previously quarrelled with Lord Clifford, a former adversary at Carlisle and whose forebear had claimed Douglasdale under Edward I of England's oppression. While both were abroad, it is alleged that Clifford challenged Nithsdale to single combat, and that Douglas even went to France to obtain special armour for the fight. Clifford, however, died on 18 August 1391, but Nithsdale is said to have kept their 'tryst', and whilst walking upon the bridge leading to the main gate at Danzig was "killed by the English". The burghers of Danzig decided that "upon account of a signal service which the Douglas family did to this city in relieving it in its utmost extremities against the Poles, the Scotch were allowed to be free burghers of the town". Subsequently, the stone fascia of the Hohe Thor (High Gate) was adorned with the coat of arms of this nobleman and for centuries it was commonly referred to as the Douglas Port or Douglas Gate, described as such as late as 1734.

In 1391, Douglas was in the Baltic, and became involved in a brawl with Sir Thomas de Clifford, in which Douglas was killed.

Issue
By Princess Egidia, Nithsdale had two children:

1.)Egidia Douglas, known as the "Fair Maid of Nithsdale" married:
a.) Henry Sinclair, 2nd Earl of Orkney (d. 1422)

b.) Sir Alasdair Stewart (executed 1425) son of Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of Albany

2.) Sir William Douglas, Knt., Lord of Nithsdale (d.c.1419), knighted when very young as he is described as chevalier in a safe-conduct dated 30 January 1406, when he could not have been more than nineteen.

William married Princess Egidia STUART, Of Scottland in 1387 in Fordoun, Kincardineshire, Scotland. Egidia (daughter of King Robert II Of SCOTLAND and Euphemia De ROSS) was born in 1368 in Dundonald Castle, Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland; died in 1388 in Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland; was buried in 1388 in Ayr, Strathclyde, Scotland, United Kingdom. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LTG9-2SR
• TitleOfNobility: Scotland; Princess
• Name: Egidia STEWART
• Name: Nithsdale Jill Egidia STEWART
• _UID: 1E2D39059AF047599D2494546183D4DDF1E3

Notes:

Egidia is a daughter of Robert II Stewart and Euphemia Ross.[1] She was known for her great beauty, which was so renown that the King of France was said to have offered for her hand and sent an artist to Scotland to paint her likeness. Egidia, however, fell in love with one of the most famous knights in Scotland at that time, Sir William Douglas of Nithsdale, the illegitimate son of Archibald Douglas, 3rd earl of Douglas, by an unknown mistress, and in 1387 she married him.[1][2][3][4] On their marriage, an annuity of ?300 was granted to "Douglas, and the king's daughter, Egidia" and the first of these payments appears in the Exchequer Rolls of 1388.[2]

There were two children from this marriage:[5]

William Douglas, Knt. of Nithsdale[1][5]
Giles Douglas; m(1) c.1407 Henry Sinclair, earl of Orkney;[1][5] m(2) aft. 29 Apr 1418 Alexander Stewart;[1] she succeeded her brother in the territory of Nithsdale[1]
Sir William Douglas was assassinated (probably) in 1392.[1][2] The date of Egid

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LBS5-G9N
• Name: Archibald DOUGLAS
• Name: Black Archibald
• Name: The Grim
• Occupation: 1361; Constable of Edinburgh Castle
• Title: 1369; Lord of Galloway

Notes:

Archibald Douglas, Earl of Douglas and Wigtown, Lord of Galloway, Douglas and Bothwell (c. 1330 ? c. 24 December 1400), called Archibald the Grim or Black Archibald, was a late medieval Scottish nobleman. Archibald was the bastard son of Sir James "the Black" Douglas, Robert I's trusted lieutenant, and an unknown mother. A first cousin of William 1st Earl of Douglas, he inherited the earldom of Douglas and its entailed estates as the third earl following the death without legitimate issue of James 2nd Earl of Douglas at the Battle of Otterburn.

Gave land to Robert Rutherford of Chatto and Jean Douglas. See, https://digital.nls.uk/histories-of-scottish-families/archive/95747959#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=51&xywh=548%2C1912%2C1879%2C1392

Archibald married Joan (Jean) DE MORRAY on 23 Jul 1362. Joan (daughter of Maurice MORAY and Joan MENTEITH) was born about 1340 in Drumsargard, Cambuslang, Lanarkshire, Scotland; died in Aug 1409 in Roxburghshire, Scotland; was buried in 1409 in Scotland, United Kingdom. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: GJY2-F5C
• _UID: 098AA45ADA7C42C9B138CD3AC5B2E6104F67

Other Events:

• Affiliation: ; House of Stewart - Founder
• FamilySearch ID: LHW6-FV7
• TitleOfNobility: ; Grandson of Robert, The Bruce, 1st Monarch of the House of Stewart, 15 issue, succeeded his uncle King David II)
• TitleOfNobility: ; King of Scotland, Guardian of Scotland, High Steward of Scotland, Earl of Atholl, Earl of Strathearn
• Name: Robert STEWART
• Name: Robert STEWART
• Religion: ; Roman Catholic
• Restored to The Line of Succession: Jul 1326, Cambuskenneth Abbey, Stirlingshire, Scotland; David Bruce became heir to the throne of Scotland upon his birth on 5 March 1324, displacing his nephew from the line of succession. However, 2 heirs are better than only one, and the death of David's twin brother John reminded everyone how fragile baby's
• DUNDONALD CASTLE: 1371, Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland; Robert Stewart built Dundonald Castle in 1371, probably to mark his accession to the throne as Robert II, and as a safe place for his family to live.
• Ascension to Throne: 22 Feb 1371
• TitleOfNobility: Between 22 Feb 1371 and 19 Apr 1390; 35th King of Scotland - reigned for 19 years

Notes:

Robert II (2 March 1316 ? 19 April 1390) was King of Scots from 1371 to his death in 1390. He was the first monarch of the House of Stewart as the son of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland, and of Marjorie Bruce, daughter of the Scottish king Robert the Bruce by his first wife Isabella of Mar.

In 1336, he first married Elizabeth Mure, daughter of Sir Adam Mure of Rowallan. The marriage was criticized for being uncanonical, so he remarried her in 1349 after receiving a papal dispensation in 1347.
From this union, ten children reached adulthood:
- John, who became King of Scotland as Robert III, married Anabella Drummond.
- Walter, husband of Isabella MacDuff, Countess of Fife.
- Robert, Earl of Fife and Duke of Albany, married Margaret Graham, Countess of Menteith, and 2nd Muriella Keith.
- Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan, "The Wolf of Badenoch", married Euphemia of Ross.
- Margaret, married John of Islay, Lord of the Isles.
- Marjorie, married John Dunbar, Earl of Moray, then Sir Alexander Keith.
- Elizabeth married Thomas de la Hay, Lord High Constable of Scotland.
- Isabella, married James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas, and 2nd John Edmonstone of Edmonstone.
- Johanna (Jean), married Sir John Keith, then 2nd John Lyon, Lord of Glamis and 3rd Sir James Sandilands.
- Katherine, married Sir Robert Logan of Grugar and Restalrig, Lord High Admiral of Scotland.

In 1355, Robert married his second wife Euphemia de Ross, daughter of Hugh, Earl of Ross. They had four children:
- David Stewart, Earl of Strathearn, born about 1356 and died in 1389.
- Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl, born about 1360, beheaded at Edinburgh in 1437 for being involved in the assassination of King James I.
- Elizabeth, married in 1380 David Lindsay, 1st Earl of Crawford.
- Egidia, married William Douglas of Nithsdale.


[Information added by OldeBruce in April 2022:
Edward Bruce, younger brother of Robert the Bruce, was named heir to the throne but he died without legitimate children on 3 December 1318 in a battle near Dundalk in Ireland. Marjorie by this time had died in a riding accident ? probably in 1317. Parliament decreed her infant son, Robert Stewart, as heir presumptive, but this lapsed on 5 March 1324 on the birth of a son, David, to King Robert and his second wife, Elizabeth de Burgh. Robert Stewart inherited the title of High Steward of Scotland on his father's death on 9 April 1326, and a Parliament held in July 1326 confirmed the young Steward as heir should Prince David die without a successor. In 1329 King Robert I died and the six-year-old David succeeded to the throne with Sir Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray appointed Guardian of Scotland.

Edward Balliol, son of King John Balliol, assisted by the English and Scottish nobles disinherited by Robert I, invaded Scotland inflicting heavy defeats on the Bruce party on 11 August 1332 at Dupplin Moor and Halidon Hill on 19 July 1333. Robert fought at Halidon, where his uncle and former guardian, Sir James Stewart, was killed. Following this battle, Robert's lands in the west were given by Balliol to his supporter David Strathbogie, the titular Earl of Atholl. Robert took refuge in the fortress of Dumbarton Castle in the Clyde estuary to join his uncle, King David. In May 1334 David escaped to France leaving Robert and John Randolph, 3rd Earl of Moray as joint Guardians of the kingdom. Robert succeeded in regaining his lands but following Randolph's capture by the English in July 1335, his possessions were once again targeted by the forces of Balliol and King Edward III of England. This may have persuaded Robert to submit to Balliol and the English king and may explain his removal as Guardian by September 1335. The Guardianship transferred to Sir Andrew Murray of Bothwell but following his death in 1338 Robert was re-appointed and retained the office until King David returned from France in June 1341. Robert accompanied David into battle at Neville's Cross on 17 October 1346 but he and Patrick Dunbar, Earl of March escaped or fled the field and David was taken prisoner. In October 1357, the king was ransomed for 100,000 marks to be paid in installments over ten years.

Robert joined a rebellion against David in 1363 but submitted to him following a threat to his right of succession. In 1364, David presented a proposal to Parliament that would cancel the remaining ransom debt if it was agreed that a Plantagenet heir would inherit the Scottish throne should he die without issue. This was rejected and Robert succeeded to the throne at the age of 55 following David's unexpected death in 1371. England still controlled large sectors in the Lothians and in the border country so King Robert allowed his southern earls to engage in actions in the English zones to regain their territories, halted trade with England and renewed treaties with France. By 1384, the Scots had re-taken most of the occupied lands, but following the commencement of Anglo-French peace talks, Robert was reluctant to commit Scotland to all-out war and obtained Scotland's inclusion in the peace treaty. Robert's peace strategy was a factor in the virtual coup in 1384 when he lost control of the country, first to his eldest son, John, Earl of Carrick, afterwards King Robert III, and then from 1388 to John's younger brother, Robert, Earl of Fife, afterwards the first Duke of Albany. Robert II died in Dundonald Castle in 1390 and was buried at Scone Abbey.

Heir presumptive
Robert Stewart, born in 1316, was the only child of Walter Stewart, High Steward of Scotland and King Robert I's daughter Marjorie Bruce, who died probably in 1317 following a riding accident.[1] He had the upbringing of a Gaelic noble on the Stewart lands in Bute, Clydeside, and in Renfrew.[1] In 1315 parliament removed Marjorie's right as heir to her father in favour of her uncle, Edward Bruce.[2] Edward was killed at the Battle of Faughart, near Dundalk on 14 October 1318,[3] resulting in a hastily arranged Parliament in December to enact a new entail naming Marjorie's son, Robert, as heir should the king die without a successor.[4] The birth of a son, afterwards David II, to King Robert on 5 March 1324 cancelled Robert Stewart's position as heir presumptive, but a Parliament at Cambuskenneth in July 1326 restored him in the line of succession should David die without an heir.[2] This reinstatement of his status was accompanied by the gift of lands in Argyll, Roxburghshire and the Lothians.[5]

The first war of independence began in the reign of King John Balliol.[6] His short reign was bedeviled by Edward I's insistence on his overlordship of Scotland. The Scottish leadership concluded that only war could release the country from the English king's continued weakening of Balliol's sovereignty and so finalised a treaty of reciprocal assistance with France in October 1295.[7] The Scots forayed into England in March 1296? this incursion together with the French treaty angered the English king and provoked an invasion of Scotland taking Berwick on 30 March before defeating the Scots army at Dunbar on 27 April.[8] John Balliol submitted to Edward and resigned the throne to him before being sent to London as a prisoner. Despite this, resistance to the English led by William Wallace and Andrew Moray had emerged in the name of King John Balliol.[8] On their deaths, Robert the Bruce continued to resist the English and eventually succeeded in defeating the forces of Edward II of England and gained the Scottish throne for himself.[7]

David Bruce, aged five, became king on 7 June 1329 on the death of his father Robert. Walter the Steward had died earlier on 9 April 1327,[9] and the orphaned eleven-year-old Robert was placed under the guardianship of his uncle, Sir James Stewart of Durrisdeer,[2] who along with Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray, and William Lindsey, Archdeacon of St Andrews were appointed as joint Guardians of the kingdom.[10] David's accession kindled the second independence war which threatened Robert's position as heir.[11] In 1332 Edward Balliol, son of the deposed John Balliol, spearheaded an attack on the Bruce sovereignty with the tacit support of King Edward III of England and the explicit endorsement of 'the disinherited'.[12] Edward Balliol's forces delivered heavy defeats on the Bruce supporters at Dupplin Moor on 11 August 1332 and again at Halidon Hill on 19 July 1333, at which the 17-year-old Robert participated.[10] Robert's estates were overrun by Balliol, who granted them to David Strathbogie, titular earl of Atholl, but Robert evaded capture and gained protection at Dumbarton Castle where King David was also taking refuge.[11] Very few other strongholds remained in Scottish hands in the winter of 1333? only the castles of Kildrummy (held by Christian Bruce, elder sister of Robert I and wife of Andrew Murray of Bothwell), Loch Leven, Loch Doon, and Urquhart held out against Balliol forces.[13]

Dairsie Castle where the 1335 Parliament was held
In May 1334, the situation looked dire for the house of Bruce and David II gained safety in France. Robert set about winning back his lands in the west of Scotland.

Was in command of the second division of the Scotch Army at Halidon Hill, and was one of the few who escaped the carnage of that disastrous day. See Europ?isch Stammtafeln Band II tafel 69. There is some confusion over which daughter is which and who are their mothers which still needs some clarification.

Robert II (2 March 1316 ? 19 April 1390) was King of Scots from 1371 to his death in 1390. He was the first monarch of the House of Stewart as the son of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland, and of Marjorie Bruce, daughter of the Scottish king Robert the Bruce by his first wife Isabella of Mar.

Edward Bruce, younger brother of Robert the Bruce, was named heir presumptive but died without heirs on 3 December 1318. Marjorie Bruce had died probably in 1317 in a riding accident and parliament decreed her infant son, Robert Stewart, as heir presumptive, but this lapsed on 5 March 1324 on the birth of a son, David, to King Robert and his second wife, Elizabeth de Burgh. Robert Stewart became High Steward of Scotland on his father's death on 9 April 1327, and in the same year parliament confirmed the young Steward as heir should Prince David die without a successor. In 1329 King Robert I died and the six-year-old David succeeded to the throne under the guardianship of Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray.

Robert married Euphemia De ROSS on 2 May 1355. Euphemia (daughter of Earl Hugh De ROSS and Margaret GRAHAM) was born about 1334 in Scotland; died about 1387. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: K6S2-5L7
• _UID: E92A2A7EAD694975AADB806D3F6F5D0A16C9