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Notes

Matches 2,951 to 3,000 of 13,647

#	Notes	Linked to
2951	Ashes buried among roses	ANDERSON-VARNER, Erma Lee (I23572)
2952	Asks Caliph Abul 'Abbas Al-Saffah in Baghdad for a Jew of the line of David, and the Caliph sends Makhir, who he makes Count of Autun	FRANKS, Pepin III "The Short" Of The King Of France (I5631)
2953	Associate judge for Bucks County.	APPEL, Andrew (Andraeus) (I18740)
2954	At age 21 in 1870 in Marion, Mississippi. In 1900 Census with 7 Children and wife Elizabeth in Lawrence, Mississippi	CARNEY, Henry T. (I997)
2955	At Allesley, Warwick, Eng	NORTON, William (I3541)
2956	AT BIRTH LIVED IN MALDEN,MISSOURI	GULLEDGE, Victor B. (I12138)
2957	at Fort Edward.	OWEN, Abner (I8962)
2958	At some point Gordian III became aware of his General Philip's intentions. Seeking a compromise he apparently offered to resign as Augustus and to reassume the position of Caesar (junior emperor) under Philip. But Philip was not interested in compromise. Knowing the outcome in advance, Philip put it to the soldiers to vote for whom they wanted, him or Gordian. And so on 25 February AD 244 near Zaitha on the Euphrates the soldiers elected Philip emperor and Gordian III was killed. The senate though was informed he had died of natural causes. Source: lorenfamily.com	ROMAN EMPIRE, Marc. Ant. Gordian III Balbus Emp (I7098)
2959	At the orders of her brother, she was devoted to virginity, a situation she did not find to her liking. Circa 449 she was apprehended in a love affair with the overseer of her estates; both supposedly were engaged in a plot to seize power for Honoria. As a result, her lover was executed and she was exiled to Constantinople. She then appealed for help to Attila the Hun, at which the eastern emperor Theodosius II, who already had enough problems with the Huns, immediately dispatched her back to Italy -- with the recommendation that Valentinian turn her over to Attila. Valentinian, meanwhile, was enraged, and only spared her life because of the earnest entreaties of their mother. She then was compelled to marry a reliable senator named Flavius Bassus Herculanus and subsequently she was kept under close guard. Source: lorenfamily.com	ROMAN EMPIRE, Justa Grata Honoria (I9801)
2960	At the site of Thomas Huntley's grave, there is a headstone which has Thomas Huntley and Zilpha S. Meadows inscribed. An unknown family member has paid for the headstone restoration and the original is unknown or underneath. James Allison wants further proof of this connection, and I have considered his assertion of absolute proof, but feel with the daughter being named Zilpha (after the mother) and the recollections of others, I am happy that burden of proof is not absolute, but most likely. Sarah was purportedly the middle name of Zilpha and they are probably one in the same as mentioned in the 1802 will of Thomas. I am happy to concede Zilpha Sarah Meadows is not proven, but remains as best lead until further documentation if ever comes to light. See below by James: The Meadows surname was brought to the attention of Huntley family members by John Wilson Huntley, after the year 1914. Prior to that time, the Meadows information was unknown to the Huntley family. Zilpha was later added as the first name by an unknown individual to a DAR application. Prior to 1975, the DAR was less stringent about source documentation to prove family lineage. I have copies (available to anyone who is interested) of the pages from John Wilson Huntley's Ledger #2, which mention the claim that Meadows was the surname of Thomas Huntley's wife. I understand that John Wilson Huntley's original ledgers are in the South Carolina Archives. The ledger entry on pages 42 to 43 regarding the Meadows surname follows: "The Wadesboro Ansonian March 18th 1914 Since writing my last, I have been asked whom the first of setler Thomas Huntley married I could not then answer the question but think I can now, with some degree of certainty. Having ascertained that a considerable part of the land around about where Thomas Huntley lived was once owned by the Meadows family, I use this as a key to unlock the mistery, having in my rambles, called on Rev. Joe Ratcliff (col) [(colored)] I asked him if he knew where Thomas Huntley settled, the answer was he did then I asked him whom Thomas Huntley married, whereupon he assumed a meditative mood, saying that he knew if he could think, so I called over several prominant families, asking him if he married any of those, and he answered me in the negative, I then called the name Meadows and he slapped his hands and said yes, yes, yes - I asked him what her given name was, He said he [she] was a sister of Obediah Meadows I have written it just as I received it." Does this ledger entry meet modern standards of genealogy proof or was it just speculation by Rev. Joe Ratcliff? Also, the recent grave marker at the traditional site of Thomas Huntley's burial, identifies his wife as Zilpha S. Meadows. Prior to the recent grave marker, there was a brick encasement with a metal plaque, which was heavily damaged (and the plaque was stolen) by vandals in the 1940's. Clearly, whatever an original gravestone (if there was one) from the early 1800's recorded, has now been lost. The use of "Zilpha S. Meadows" on the recent grave marker is arbitrary. What about "Sarah"? To this day, no other source documentation has come to light concerning the Zilpha Meadows claim. Best regards from a Thomas Huntley descendant, James Allison	MEADOWS, Zilpha Sarah (I5474)
2961	At the time of the 1790 US Census he lived in Williamstown, Berkshire Co., Massachusetts. Information downloaded from Don Dickenson's GedCom last updated December 14, 2003.	WRIGHT, Judge Solomon (I2790)
2962	At this moment - cannot confirm birth and parents. Do not proceed past Charity. Biography Charity was born in Rowan County North Carolina 1766. She passed away in 1852 Laurel County Kentucky. Birth: About 1766 - Rowan, North Carolina, British Colonial America Marriage: 1782 - Rowan, North Carolina, USA Death: date - 1852 Laurel County Kentucky, USA Public Member Photos & Scanned Documents PICTURES PHOTO: Charity Baker CATEGORY: Headstone DESCRIPTION: Find a grave photo ATTACHED TO: Charity Phelps (1767-1852)."	PHELPS, Charity Felps (I31005)
2963	At time of 1840 Census, four Carney families owned adjacent properties in Davidson County, Tennessee: Ennis B. Carney 5 in household Jesse T. Carney 5 in household Joshua Carney 7 in household Willliam Carney 3 in household Asee (Asa) Carney 5 in household and nearby a Brinkley household with 8 persons. Farmer by occupation.	CARNEY, Ennis Braxton (I22629)
2964	At time of enlistment 18yrs 6 months in Australian Imperial Force. Confirms fathers details, etc. Served 1914 to 1920. 1931 Residence in Rosewood, Moreton, Queensland. Same in 1936.	PARSONS, Clementine Lewis (I30282)
2965	At time of wedding, August reported he was a shoemaker.	RISTEAU, William August Adolph (I30492)
2966	At wedding, John George Maclean's occupation was bookeeper, age 19; living in Clapham. Father William Maclean llisted as dead. Wife's father listed as Charles Elderton who was also listed as dead (died 1854 4 years prior). India Deaths and Burials" Name Maria Theresa Mcclean Gender Female Marital Status Married Age 36 Birth Date 1841 Death Date 09 Nov 1877 Burial Date 10 Nov 1877 Burial Place Peshawar, Bengal, India Spouse Mcclean FHL Film Number 510854	ELDERTON, Maria Theresa (I31027)
2967	Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland	SCOTLAND, Anleta "Thora Donada" Princess Of (I10675)
2968	Attila c. 406– 453), frequently called Attila the Hun, was the ruler of the Huns from 434 until his death in March 453. He was also the leader of a tribal empire consisting of Huns, Ostrogoths, Alans and Bulgars, among others, in Central and Eastern Europe. During his reign, he was one of the most feared enemies of the Western and Eastern Roman Empires. He crossed the Danube twice and plundered the Balkans, but was unable to take Constantinople. His unsuccessful campaign in Persia was followed in 441 by an invasion of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire, the success of which emboldened Attila to invade the West.[5] He also attempted to conquer Roman Gaul (modern France), crossing the Rhine in 451 and marching as far as Aurelianum (Orléans) before being stopped in the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains. He subsequently invaded Italy, devastating the northern provinces, but was unable to take Rome. He planned for further campaigns against the Romans, but died in 453. After Attila's death, his close adviser, Ardaric of the Gepids, led a Germanic revolt against Hunnic rule, after which the Hunnic Empire quickly collapsed. Attila would live on as a character in Germanic heroic legend. The sons of ATTILA quarreled after his death over the chieftainship, during which, Ardaric, the Gepidae king, rallied the Germans against their Hunnish masters and utterly defeated the Huns at the Battle of Nedao, 456, after which the remnant of the Huns gathered around the sons & grandsons of Attila "the Hun", creating several groups, of which some remained in Germany and Central Europe while others retreated to Scythia-Minor and became the Magyars, Bulgars, & Mongols. Wikipedia: The historiography of Attila is faced with a major challenge, in that the only complete sources are written in Greek and Latin by the enemies of the Huns. Attila's contemporaries left many testimonials of his life, but only fragments of these remain.[15]: 25 Priscus was a Byzantine diplomat and historian who wrote in Greek, and he was both a witness to and an actor in the story of Attila, as a member of the embassy of Theodosius II at the Hunnic court in 449. He was obviously biased by his political position, but his writing is a major source for information on the life of Attila, and he is the only person known to have recorded a physical description of him. He wrote a history of the late Roman Empire in eight books covering the period from 430 to 476.[16] Only fragments of Priscus' work remain. It was cited extensively by 6th-century historians Procopius and Jordanes,[17]: 413 especially in Jordanes' The Origin and Deeds of the Goths, which contains numerous references to Priscus's history, and it is also an important source of information about the Hunnic empire and its neighbors. He describes the legacy of Attila and the Hunnic people for a century after Attila's death. Marcellinus Comes, a chancellor of Justinian during the same era, also describes the relations between the Huns and the Eastern Roman Empire.[15]: 30 Numerous ecclesiastical writings contain useful but scattered information, sometimes difficult to authenticate or distorted by years of hand-copying between the 6th and 17th centuries. The Hungarian writers of the 12th century wished to portray the Huns in a positive light as their glorious ancestors, and so repressed certain historical elements and added their own legends.[15]: 32 The literature and knowledge of the Huns themselves was transmitted orally, by means of epics and chanted poems that were handed down from generation to generation.[17]: 354 Indirectly, fragments of this oral history have reached us via the literature of the Scandinavians and Germans, neighbors of the Huns who wrote between the 9th and 13th centuries. Attila is a major character in many Medieval epics, such as the Nibelungenlied, as well as various Eddas and sagas.[15]: 32 [17]: 354 Archaeological investigation has uncovered some details about the lifestyle, art, and warfare of the Huns. There are a few traces of battles and sieges, but the tomb of Attila and the location of his capital have not yet been found.[15]: 33– 37 Early life and background Main article: Huns Huns in battle with the Alans. An 1870s engraving after a drawing by Johann Nepomuk Geiger (1805– 1880). The Huns were a group of Eurasian nomads, appearing from east of the Volga, who migrated further into Western Europe c. 370[18] and built up an enormous empire there. Their main military techniques were mounted archery and javelin throwing. They were in the process of developing settlements before their arrival in Western Europe, yet the Huns were a society of pastoral warriors[17]: 259 whose primary form of nourishment was meat and milk, products of their herds. The origin and language of the Huns has been the subject of debate for centuries. According to some theories, their leaders at least may have spoken a Turkic language, perhaps closest to the modern Chuvash language.[13]: 444 According to the Encyclopedia of European Peoples, "the Huns, especially those who migrated to the west, may have been a combination of central Asian Turkic, Mongolic, and Ugric stocks".[19] Attila's father Mundzuk was the brother of kings Octar and Ruga, who reigned jointly over the Hunnic empire in the early fifth century. This form of diarchy was recurrent with the Huns, but historians are unsure whether it was institutionalized, merely customary, or an occasional occurrence.[15]: 80 His family was from a noble lineage, but it is uncertain whether they constituted a royal dynasty. Attila's birthdate is debated; journalist Éric Deschodt and writer Herman Schreiber have proposed a date of 395.[20][21] However, historian Iaroslav Lebedynsky and archaeologist Katalin Escher prefer an estimate between the 390s and the first decade of the fifth century.[15]: 40 Several historians have proposed 406 as the date.[1]: 92 [2]: 202 Attila grew up in a rapidly changing world. His people were nomads who had only recently arrived in Europe.[22] They crossed the Volga river during the 370s and annexed the territory of the Alans, then attacked the Gothic kingdom between the Carpathian mountains and the Danube. They were a very mobile people, whose mounted archers had acquired a reputation for invincibility, and the Germanic tribes seemed unable to withstand them.[17]: 133– 151 Vast populations fleeing the Huns moved from Germania into the Roman Empire in the west and south, and along the banks of the Rhine and Danube. In 376, the Goths crossed the Danube, initially submitting to the Romans but soon rebelling against Emperor Valens, whom they killed in the Battle of Adrianople in 378.[17]: 100 Large numbers of Vandals, Alans, Suebi, and Burgundians crossed the Rhine and invaded Roman Gaul on December 31, 406, to escape the Huns.[15]: 233 The Roman Empire had been split in half since 395 and was ruled by two distinct governments, one based in Ravenna in the West, and the other in Constantinople in the East. The Roman Emperors, both East and West, were generally from the Theodosian family in Attila's lifetime (despite several power struggles).[23]: 13 The Huns dominated a vast territory with nebulous borders determined by the will of a constellation of ethnically varied peoples. Some were assimilated to Hunnic nationality, whereas many retained their own identities and rulers but acknowledged the suzerainty of the king of the Huns.[23]: 11 The Huns were also the indirect source of many of the Romans' problems, driving various Germanic tribes into Roman territory, yet relations between the two empires were cordial: the Romans used the Huns as mercenaries against the Germans and even in their civil wars. Thus, the usurper Joannes was able to recruit thousands of Huns for his army against Valentinian III in 424. It was Aëtius, later Patrician of the West, who managed this operation. They exchanged ambassadors and hostages, the alliance lasting from 401 to 450 and permitting the Romans numerous military victories.[17]: 111 The Huns considered the Romans to be paying them tribute, whereas the Romans preferred to view this as payment for services rendered. The Huns had become a great power by the time that Attila came of age during the reign of his uncle Ruga, to the point that Nestorius, the Patriarch of Constantinople, deplored the situation with these words: "They have become both masters and slaves of the Romans".[17]: 128 Campaigns against the Eastern Roman Empire The Empire of the Huns and subject tribes at the time of Attila The death of Rugila (also known as Rua or Ruga) in 434 left the sons of his brother Mundzuk, Attila and Bleda, in control of the united Hun tribes. At the time of the two brothers' accession, the Hun tribes were bargaining with Eastern Roman Emperor Theodosius II's envoys for the return of several renegades who had taken refuge within the Eastern Roman Empire, possibly Hunnic nobles who disagreed with the brothers' assumption of leadership. The following year, Attila and Bleda met with the imperial legation at Margus (Požarevac), all seated on horseback in the Hunnic manner,[24] and negotiated an advantageous treaty. The Romans agreed to return the fugitives, to double their previous tribute of 350 Roman pounds (c. 115 kg) of gold, to open their markets to Hunnish traders, and to pay a ransom of eight solidi for each Roman taken prisoner by the Huns. The Huns, satisfied with the treaty, decamped from the Roman Empire and returned to their home in the Great Hungarian Plain, perhaps to consolidate and strengthen their empire. Theodosius used this opportunity to strengthen the walls of Constantinople, building the city's first sea wall, and to build up his border defenses along the Danube. The Huns remained out of Roman sight for the next few years while they invaded the Sassanid Empire. They were defeated in Armenia by the Sassanids, abandoned their invasion, and turned their attentions back to Europe. In 440, they reappeared in force on the borders of the Roman Empire, attacking the merchants at the market on the north bank of the Danube that had been established by the treaty of 435. Crossing the Danube, they laid waste to the cities of Illyricum and forts on the river, including (according to Priscus) Viminacium, a city of Moesia. Their advance began at Margus, where they demanded that the Romans turn over a bishop who had retained property that Attila regarded as his. While the Romans discussed the bishop's fate, he slipped away secretly to the Huns and betrayed the city to them. While the Huns attacked city-states along the Danube, the Vandals (led by Geiseric) captured the Western Roman province of Africa and its capital of Carthage. Africa was the richest province of the Western Empire and a main source of food for Rome. The Sassanid Shah Yazdegerd II invaded Armenia in 441.[citation needed][25] The Romans stripped the Balkan area of forces, sending them to Sicily in order to mount an expedition against the Vandals in Africa. This left Attila and Bleda a clear path through Illyricum into the Balkans, which they invaded in 441. The Hunnish army sacked Margus and Viminacium, and then took Singidunum (Belgrade) and Sirmium. During 442, Theodosius recalled his troops from Sicily and ordered a large issue of new coins to finance operations against the Huns. He believed that he could defeat the Huns and refused the Hunnish kings' demands. Attila responded with a campaign in 443.[26] For the first time (as far as the Romans knew) his forces were equipped with battering rams and rolling siege towers, with which they successfully assaulted the military centers of Ratiara and Naissus (Niš) and massacred the inhabitants. Priscus said "When we arrived at Naissus we found the city deserted, as though it had been sacked; only a few sick persons lay in the churches. We halted at a short distance from the river, in an open space, for all the ground adjacent to the bank was full of the bones of men slain in war."[27] Advancing along the Nišava River, the Huns next took Serdica (Sofia), Philippopolis (Plovdiv), and Arcadiopolis (Lüleburgaz). They encountered and destroyed a Roman army outside Constantinople but were stopped by the double walls of the Eastern capital. They defeated a second army near Callipolis (Gelibolu). Theodosius, unable to make effective armed resistance, admitted defeat, sending the Magister militum per Orientem Anatolius to negotiate peace terms. The terms were harsher than the previous treaty: the Emperor agreed to hand over 6,000 Roman pounds (c. 2000 kg) of gold as punishment for having disobeyed the terms of the treaty during the invasion; the yearly tribute was tripled, rising to 2,100 Roman pounds (c. 700 kg) in gold; and the ransom for each Roman prisoner rose to 12 solidi. Their demands were met for a time, and the Hun kings withdrew into the interior of their empire. Bleda died following the Huns' withdrawal from Byzantium (probably around 445). Attila then took the throne for himself, becoming the sole ruler of the Huns.[28] Solitary kingship A reconstruction of Attila by George S. Stuart, Museum of Ventura County. In 447, Attila again rode south into the Eastern Roman Empire through Moesia. The Roman army, under Gothic magister militum Arnegisclus, met him in the Battle of the Utus and was defeated, though not without inflicting heavy losses. The Huns were left unopposed and rampaged through the Balkans as far as Thermopylae. Constantinople itself was saved by the Isaurian troops of magister militum per Orientem Zeno and protected by the intervention of prefect Constantinus, who organized the reconstruction of the walls that had been previously damaged by earthquakes and, in some places, to construct a new line of fortification in front of the old. Callinicus, in his Life of Saint Hypatius, wrote: The barbarian nation of the Huns, which was in Thrace, became so great that more than a hundred cities were captured and Constantinople almost came into danger and most men fled from it. ... And there were so many murders and blood-lettings that the dead could not be numbered. Ay, for they took captive the churches and monasteries and slew the monks and maidens in great numbers. In the west The general path of the Hun forces in the invasion of Gaul In 450, Attila proclaimed his intent to attack the Visigoth kingdom of Toulouse by making an alliance with Emperor Valentinian III. He had previously been on good terms with the Western Roman Empire and its influential general Flavius Aëtius. Aëtius had spent a brief exile among the Huns in 433, and the troops that Attila provided against the Goths and Bagaudae had helped earn him the largely honorary title of magister militum in the west. The gifts and diplomatic efforts of Geiseric, who opposed and feared the Visigoths, may also have influenced Attila's plans. However, Valentinian's sister was Honoria, who had sent the Hunnish king a plea for help— and her engagement ring— in order to escape her forced betrothal to a Roman senator in the spring of 450. Honoria may not have intended a proposal of marriage, but Attila chose to interpret her message as such. He accepted, asking for half of the western Empire as dowry. When Valentinian discovered the plan, only the influence of his mother Galla Placidia convinced him to exile Honoria, rather than killing her. He also wrote to Attila, strenuously denying the legitimacy of the supposed marriage proposal. Attila sent an emissary to Ravenna to proclaim that Honoria was innocent, that the proposal had been legitimate, and that he would come to claim what was rightfully his. Attila interfered in a succession struggle after the death of a Frankish ruler. Attila supported the elder son, while Aëtius supported the younger. (The location and identity of these kings is not known and subject to conjecture.) Attila gathered his vassals— Gepids, Ostrogoths, Rugians, Scirians, Heruls, Thuringians, Alans, Burgundians, among others— and began his march west. In 451, he arrived in Belgica with an army exaggerated by Jordanes to half a million strong. On April 7, he captured Metz he also captured Strasbourg . Other cities attacked can be determined by the hagiographic vitae written to commemorate their bishops: Nicasius was slaughtered before the altar of his church in Rheims; Servatus is alleged to have saved Tongeren with his prayers, as Saint Genevieve is said to have saved Paris.[29] Lupus, bishop of Troyes, is also credited with saving his city by meeting Attila in person.[5][30] Aëtius moved to oppose Attila, gathering troops from among the Franks, the Burgundians, and the Celts. A mission by Avitus and Attila's continued westward advance convinced the Visigoth king Theodoric I (Theodorid) to ally with the Romans. The combined armies reached Orléans ahead of Attila, thus checking and turning back the Hunnish advance. Aëtius gave chase and caught the Huns at a place usually assumed to be near Catalaunum (modern Châlons-en-Champagne). Attila decided to fight the Romans on plains where he could use his cavalry.[31] The two armies clashed in the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains, the outcome of which is commonly considered to be a strategic victory for the Visigothic-Roman alliance. Theodoric was killed in the fighting, and Aëtius failed to press his advantage, according to Edward Gibbon and Edward Creasy, because he feared the consequences of an overwhelming Visigothic triumph as much as he did a defeat. From Aëtius' point of view, the best outcome was what occurred: Theodoric died, Attila was in retreat and disarray, and the Romans had the benefit of appearing victorious. Invasion of Italy and death Attila is besieging Aquileia (Chronicon Pictum, 1358) Raphael's The Meeting between Leo the Great and Attila depicts Leo, escorted by Saint Peter and Saint Paul, meeting with the Hun emperor outside Rome. Attila returned in 452 to renew his marriage claim with Honoria, invading and ravaging Italy along the way. Communities became established in what would later become Venice as a result of these attacks when the residents fled to small islands in the Venetian Lagoon. His army sacked numerous cities and razed Aquileia so completely that it was afterwards hard to recognize its original site.[32]: 159 Aëtius lacked the strength to offer battle, but managed to harass and slow Attila's advance with only a shadow force. Attila finally halted at the River Po. By this point, disease and starvation may have taken hold in Attila's camp, thus hindering his war efforts and potentially contributing to the cessation of invasion.[33] Emperor Valentinian III sent three envoys, the high civilian officers Gennadius Avienus and Trigetius, as well as Pope Leo I, who met Attila at Mincio in the vicinity of Mantua and obtained from him the promise that he would withdraw from Italy and negotiate peace with the Emperor.[34] Prosper of Aquitaine gives a short description of the historic meeting, but gives all the credit to Leo for the successful negotiation. Priscus reports that superstitious fear of the fate of Alaric gave him pause— as Alaric died shortly after sacking Rome in 410. Italy had suffered from a terrible famine in 451 and her crops were faring little better in 452. Attila's devastating invasion of the plains of northern Italy this year did not improve the harvest.[32]: 161 To advance on Rome would have required supplies which were not available in Italy, and taking the city would not have improved Attila's supply situation. Therefore, it was more profitable for Attila to conclude peace and retreat to his homeland.[32]: 160– 161 Furthermore, an East Roman force had crossed the Danube under the command of another officer also named Aetius— who had participated in the Council of Chalcedon the previous year— and proceeded to defeat the Huns who had been left behind by Attila to safeguard their home territories. Attila, hence, faced heavy human and natural pressures to retire "from Italy without ever setting foot south of the Po".[32]: 163 As Hydatius writes in his Chronica Minora: The Huns, who had been plundering Italy and who had also stormed a number of cities, were victims of divine punishment, being visited with heaven-sent disasters: famine and some kind of disease. In addition, they were slaughtered by auxiliaries sent by the Emperor Marcian and led by Aetius, and at the same time, they were crushed in their [home] settlements ... Thus crushed, they made peace with the Romans.[35] Death The Huns, led by Attila, invade Italy (Attila, the Scourge of God, by Ulpiano Checa, 1887) In the Eastern Roman Empire, Emperor Marcian succeeded Theodosius II, and stopped paying tribute to the Huns. Attila withdrew from Italy to his palace across the Danube, while making plans to strike at Constantinople once more to reclaim tribute.[36] However, he died in the early months of 453. The conventional account from Priscus says that Attila was at a feast celebrating his latest marriage, this time to the beautiful young Ildico (the name suggests Gothic or Ostrogoth origins).[32]: 164 In the midst of the revels, however, he suffered severe bleeding and died. He may have had a nosebleed and choked to death in a stupor. Or he may have succumbed to internal bleeding, possibly due to ruptured esophageal varices. Esophageal varices are dilated veins that form in the lower part of the esophagus, often caused by years of excessive alcohol consumption; they are fragile and can easily rupture, leading to death by hemorrhage.[37] Another account of his death was first recorded 80 years after the events by Roman chronicler Marcellinus Comes. It reports that "Attila, King of the Huns and ravager of the provinces of Europe, was pierced by the hand and blade of his wife".[38] One modern analyst suggests that he was assassinated,[39] but most reject these accounts as no more than hearsay, preferring instead the account given by Attila's contemporary Priscus, recounted in the 6th century by Jordanes: On the following day, when a great part of the morning was spent, the royal attendants suspected some ill and, after a great uproar, broke in the doors. There they found the death of Attila accomplished by an effusion of blood, without any wound, and the girl with downcast face weeping beneath her veil. Then, as is the custom of that race, they plucked out the hair of their heads and made their faces hideous with deep wounds, that the renowned warrior might be mourned, not by effeminate wailings and tears, but by the blood of men. Moreover a wondrous thing took place in connection with Attila's death. For in a dream some god stood at the side of Marcian, Emperor of the East, while he was disquieted about his fierce foe, and showed him the bow of Attila broken in that same night, as if to intimate that the race of Huns owed much to that weapon. This account the historian Priscus says he accepts upon truthful evidence. For so terrible was Attila thought to be to great empires that the gods announced his death to rulers as a special boon. His body was placed in the midst of a plain and lay in state in a silken tent as a sight for men's admiration. The best horsemen of the entire tribe of the Huns rode around in circles, after the manner of circus games, in the place to which he had been brought and told of his deeds in a funeral dirge in the following manner: "The chief of the Huns, King Attila, born of his sire Mundiuch, lord of bravest tribes, sole possessor of the Scythian and German realms— powers unknown before— captured cities and terrified both empires of the Roman world and, appeased by their prayers, took annual tribute to save the rest from plunder. And when he had accomplished all this by the favor of fortune, he fell, not by wound of the foe, nor by treachery of friends, but in the midst of his nation at peace, happy in his joy and without sense of pain. Who can rate this as death, when none believes it calls for vengeance?" When they had mourned him with such lamentations, a strava, as they call it, was celebrated over his tomb with great reveling. They gave way in turn to the extremes of feeling and displayed funereal grief alternating with joy. Then in the secrecy of night they buried his body in the earth. They bound his coffins, the first with gold, the second with silver and the third with the strength of iron, showing by such means that these three things suited the mightiest of kings; iron because he subdued the nations, gold and silver because he received the honors of both empires. They also added the arms of foemen won in the fight, trappings of rare worth, sparkling with various gems, and ornaments of all sorts whereby princely state is maintained. And that so great riches might be kept from human curiosity, they slew those appointed to the work— a dreadful pay for their labor; and thus sudden death was the lot of those who buried him as well as of him who was buried.[40]: 254– 259 Descendants Attila's sons Ellac, Dengizich and Ernak, "in their rash eagerness to rule they all alike destroyed his empire".[40]: 259 They "were clamoring that the nations should be divided among them equally and that warlike kings with their peoples should be apportioned to them by lot like a family estate".[40]: 259 Against the treatment as "slaves of the basest condition" a Germanic alliance led by the Gepid ruler Ardaric (who was noted for great loyalty to Attila[40]: 199 ) revolted and fought with the Huns in Pannonia in the Battle of Nedao 454 AD.[40]: 260– 262 Attila's eldest son Ellac was killed in that battle.[40]: 262 Attila's sons "regarding the Goths as deserters from their rule, came against them as though they were seeking fugitive slaves", attacked Ostrogothic co-ruler Valamir (who also fought alongside Ardaric and Attila at the Catalaunian Plains[40]: 199 ), but were repelled, and some group of Huns moved to Scythia (probably those of Ernak).[40]: 268– 269 His brother Dengizich attempted a renewed invasion across the Danube in 468 AD, but was defeated at the Battle of Bassianae by the Ostrogoths.[40]: 272– 273 Dengizich was killed by Roman-Gothic general Anagast the following year, after which the Hunnic dominion ended.[8]: 168 Attila's many children and relatives are known by name and some even by deeds, but soon valid genealogical sources all but dried up, and there seems to be no verifiable way to trace Attila's descendants. This has not stopped many genealogists from attempting to reconstruct a valid line of descent for various medieval rulers. One of the most credible claims has been that of the Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans for mythological Avitohol and Irnik from the Dulo clan of the Bulgars.[41]: 103 [14]: 59, 142 [42] The Hungarian Árpád dynasty also claimed to be a direct descendant of Attila.[43] Medieval Hungarian chronicles from the Hungarian royal court like Gesta Hungarorum, Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum, Chronicon Pictum, Buda Chronicle, Chronica Hungarorum claimed that the Árpád dynasty and the Aba clan are the descendants of Attila.[44] Appearance and character Mór Than's 19th century painting of The Feast of Attila, based on a fragment of Priscus There is no surviving first-hand account of Attila's appearance, but there is a possible second-hand source provided by Jordanes, who cites a description given by Priscus.[45][46] He was a man born into the world to shake the nations, the scourge of all lands, who in some way terrified all mankind by the dreadful rumors noised abroad concerning him. He was haughty in his walk, rolling his eyes hither and thither, so that the power of his proud spirit appeared in the movement of his body. He was indeed a lover of war, yet restrained in action, mighty in counsel, gracious to suppliants and lenient to those who were once received into his protection. Short of stature, with a broad chest and a large head; his eyes were small, his beard thin and sprinkled with grey; and he had a flat nose and swarthy skin, showing evidence of his origin.[40]: 182– 183 Some scholars have suggested that these features are typically East Asian, because in combination they fit the physical type of people from Eastern Asia, so Attila's ancestors may have come from there.[46][47]: 202 Other historians have suggested that the same features may have been typical of some Scythian people.[48][49] Later folklore and iconography	HUNS, Attila "The Hun" King Of The (I9733)
2969	Attorney of the Vestry, Church of England, Major Robert Beverley	BEVERLEY, Major Robert (I20841)
2970	attracted a great many of his countrymen, who were fleeing Sweden on account of Ivar, and they settled in the bountiful Varmeland, but in so great a number that the land could no longer support them, and they blamed him event ·is said to have sacrificed his own people in time of famine event·raised in the care of his foster-father Bove, in West Gotland, where he was brought up along with Saxe, Bove's son, who had the surname of Flette event ·forced to leave Nerike, when the Swedes heard he was there, and he went on westwards, through the forest, to a river which comes from the north and falls into the Venner lake, and is called Klar river. There they sat themselves down, turned to and cleared the woods, burnt, and then settled there, and soon there were great districts, and altogether they were called Vermeland event ·given the name "Tree Feller" by the Swedes who laughed at his proceedings, that he was clearing forests instead of ruling,	INGJALDSSON, Olafr Tretelgju (I530)
2971	Audofleda was the sister of Clovis who married Theodoric the Great, Kingof the Ostrogoths. Their daughter, Amalasuntha, was a foolish girl whomarried a slave named Traguilla. Audofleda, who wanted her to marry theson of a king, dragged her home and married her to Eutheric. Audofledadied the same year as her husband, 526.	Audofleda (I8566)
2972	Audovera was the first wife of King Chilperic of Soissons and mother offour of his children. After the three sons had died, she was murdered byChilperic and his other wife Queen Fredegund and Basina became areligious.	Audovera (I8584)
2973	August Schwartz born 1833 and passed away 1884. Please don't confuse with other August Schwartz. Death certificates of children verify August Schwartz and Caroline (Carolina) as parents. All children born in Russia/Ukraine/Poland (borders move frequently in this area). Immigrated 1872.	SCHWARTZ, August Schvartz (I29926)
2974	August was born in 1863. He was the son of Johann Krueger and Enestine Schwartz. He passed away in 1937. August married Karoline Renier in 1885 while in Russia. He immigrated to the U.S. in 1892 with his family at the time his wife and two daughters. Together they then had a further 3 children for a total of 5 children.	KRUEGER, August Frederick Sr. (I29922)
2975	Augusta Parker was aborn inAtchison, KS in 1865. In 1882, she joined the Episcopal Church. She moved to Holton, KS in 1884, at the age of 19. She married Jacob Culler in 1887 ant the following year they moved to Rockfurt, MO. ------------------------------- In 1925 Augusta joined the Communtiy Church in Colony.	PARKER, Augusta Sackett (I20623)
2976	Augustus (Emperor) of the East Roman Empire	ROMAN EMPIRE, Constantine "The Great" Emperor (I11091)
2977	Augustus (Emperor) of the East Roman Empire	ROMAN EMPIRE, Constantius II Emperor (I11092)
2978	Augustus (Emperor) of the Roman Empire	ROMAN EMPIRE, Constantius II Emperor (I11092)
2979	Augustus (Emperor) of the West Roman Empire	ROMAN EMPIRE, Constans I Augustus Emperor West (I11081)
2980	Augustus (Emperor) of the West Roman Empire	ROMAN EMPIRE, Constantine II Emperor West (I11082)
2981	Augustus (Emperor) of the West Roman Empire	ROMAN EMPIRE, Maximian Augustus Emperor Of West (I11085)
2982	Augustus (Emperor) of the West Roman Empire	ROMAN EMPIRE, Constantius I Chlorus Emperor (I11088)
2983	Augustus (Emperor) of the West Roman Empire	ROMAN EMPIRE, Constantine "The Great" Emperor (I11091)
2984	Augustus (Emperor) of the West Roman Empire	ROMAN EMPIRE, Constantine "The Great" Emperor (I11091)
2985	aus Lingenfeld, Vater wahrscheinlich dort Bürgermeister _INET _MHRM 0 _MHSM 0 _RDATE 20 FEB 2022 OBJE: _ALTPATH . Media\	FAUST, Helena (I594769244)
2986	Austrasia	ALEMANIA, Rotrou (Chrotrude) Of Duchess Of Austrasia (I5635)
2987	AUTH Unmarried Please send any corrections or additions to Jesse M. Lawrence Jr. <jmljr@flash.net> This data is updated continuously, so please revisit to make sure you have latest information. This file represents my entire data base, I do not have any other information! Please use the reference number so I can get to the correct person in my data base. NOTE: Please use this data with the knowledge that you must do your own research to validate data. It contains theories and facts from many sources and is only a starting point for your own research.	HARRIS, Martin (I29244)
2988	Author/Compiler:Jim Carney Hans Stumpf has roots in the region now known as Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Hans was born in Burgher, Eberbach am Neckar, Hessen-Darmstadt, Germany. Though born circa 1588, the birth, marriage and death records are believed to be casualties of the Thirty Years' War. It is possible that Hans himself may have been a casualty of the war as well. There was record of a Hans Stumpf listed as a military casualty in 1637 only a 250 miles from Hans Stumpff's birthplace. However, the single and double F in the recorded names is a substantial differentiation, and so we will keep with the records of 15 Nov 1651 as his death date. He married first a Catharina (unknown surname) who would likely have been born around 1592. Based on the first birth the marriage would have been in about 1613 Although it is unproven as to her identity at the moment, what is clear is she is not the second Catharina he married who was Catharina Merckel born in 1598 and her well documented birth in 1598 and then marriage in 1632. Children of Hans by his first marriage being: Hans Jacob b:1614, Anna Maria b:1615 [1], twins Catharina [2] and Hans Simon b: 1616 [3] , Philipp b:1618, two Georges b:1619 [4] who died as infant and the second Georg born 1622, and finally Hans Benedict b:1624. There was an eight year gap from the first Catharina until the marriage of the 2nd who was Catharina Merckel, married in 1632.[5] Together in his second marriage Hans and Catharina had 2 children, twins Hans Dietrich b:1633, Hans Heinrich same day 18 August 1633. Sources ? Baptism of child Anna Maria Stumpf: "Deutschland, ausgewählte evangelische Kirchenbücher 1500-1971" citing Page: 200;201; Affiliate Name: Evangelische Landeskirche Baden (Germany); Digital film/folder number: 102070066; FHL microfilm: 001189189; Image number: 636 FamilySearch Record: QP64-PS8Q (accessed 26 November 2024) FamilySearch Image: 3Q9M-CSW8-ZWMF Hans Stumpf's child Anna Maria Stumpf baptism on 1 Nov 1615 in Eberbach, Amt Eberbach, Neckarkreis, Großherzogtum Baden, Deutsches Reich. ? Baptism of child Catharina Stumpf: "Deutschland, ausgewählte evangelische Kirchenbücher 1500-1971" citing Page: 212;213; Affiliate Name: Evangelische Landeskirche Baden (Germany); Digital film/folder number: 102070066; FHL microfilm: 001189189; Image number: 643 FamilySearch Record: QP64-2N83 (accessed 26 November 2024) FamilySearch Image: 3Q9M-CSW8-Z71L Hans Stumpf's child Catharina Stumpf baptism on 20 Dec 1616 in Eberbach, Amt Eberbach, Neckarkreis, Großherzogtum Baden, Deutsches Reich. ? Baptism of son Hans Simon Stumpf: "Germany Births and Baptisms, 1558-1898" citing Digital film/folder number: 4037240; FHL microfilm: 1189201 FamilySearch Record: N83J-68X (accessed 26 November 2024) Hans Stumpf's son Hans Simon Stumpf baptism in Apr 1616 in Neunkirchen, Eberbach, Baden, Deutschland. ? Baptism of child Hans Georg Stumpf: "Deutschland, ausgewählte evangelische Kirchenbücher 1500-1971" citing Page: 238;239; Affiliate Name: Evangelische Landeskirche Baden (Germany); Digital film/folder number: 102070066; FHL microfilm: 001189189; Image number: 655 FamilySearch Record: QP64-GZJZ (accessed 26 November 2024) FamilySearch Image: 3Q9M-CSW8-Z77F Hans Stumpf's child Hans Georg Stumpf baptism on 18 Apr 1619 in Eberbach, Amt Eberbach, Neckarkreis, Großherzogtum Baden, Deutsches Reich. ? Marriage: "Deutschland, ausgewählte evangelische Kirchenbücher 1500-1971" citing Page: 34;35; Affiliate Name: Evangelische Landeskirche Baden (Germany); Digital film/folder number: 102070066; FHL microfilm: 001189189; Image number: 618 FamilySearch Record: QP64-G8YF (accessed 26 November 2024) FamilySearch Image: 3Q9M-CSW8-ZWMQ Hans Stumpf marriage to Catharina Merckels, daughter of Herr Hans Merckels, on 29 Jul 1632 in Eberbach, Amt Eberbach, Neckarkreis, Großherzogtum Baden, Deutsches Reich. Michael Stump Sr. of Virginia by Thurman Stump Published 1975 McClain Printing Co. Parsons, WV(Library of Congress Catalog Card # 73-93200. Death Local council ("Rathsverwandter") and "Anwalt" Nicklaß Stumpf was buried on 15 Nov 1651 in Eberbach.[6]	STUMPF, Hans Nickel (I594768950)
2989	aution Some sources give wife Abigail's maiden name as Bennett or Searles. The first instance, however (prompted by the maiden name of her son William3 Carpenter's first wife, Priscilla Bennett), represents unwarranted linkage to a Bennett family of Sway, Hampshire. The second reflects apparent confusion with the maiden name of William3's second wife, Miriam Sale(s). [1] The second also reflects a confusion of Abigail with a legendary figure named "Abigail Searles", born 1606. This Abigail is a conflation of Abigail Sale, born 1594 and daughter of Edward Sale and Elizabeth Gifford, and Miriam Sale, wife of William Carpenter, Jr. Biography Abigail Briant, bapt 5/27/2106, Shalbourne, England; md William Carpenter 4.28.1625, Shalbourne, Eng; d 2.22.1687/8, Rehoboth, MA, bur Newman Cemetery, East Providence, RI, Father John Briant, Mother: Alice. [2] [3] Name William and Abigail's marriage record (only Bishops' Transcripts of Shalbourne parish records survive for this period) has her surname as Briante (Shalbourne ParR; TAG 70:194). The five remaining Shalbourne church records mentioning Abigail's family (including her baptismal record) spell the name Briant (Shalbourne ParR). Her father's will, however (including his signature), has it as Bryan (PCC). [1] 1604 Birth and Baptism Abigail Briant was baptized May 27, 1604 at St.Michael's and All Angels Church, then in the Berkshire Co. section of Shalbourne, England, the daughter of John Briant and Alice ____ Briant. [4] Abigail Briant was born about 1606 as she was 32 when a passenger on the Bevis [5] 1625 Marriage Abigail married William Carpenter[6] (1605-1659) at St.Michael's and All Angels Church, then in the Berkshire Co. section of Shalbourne, England on Apr 28,1625. The family resided in the Wiltshire Co. section of Shalbourne.[4] St. Michael and All Angels, the church where the couple married and their first five children were baptized, is situated in what was then the Berkshire part of Shalbourne parish. The church was nevertheless under the jurisdiction of the dean and chapter of the cathedral church at New Sarum (Salisbury), Wiltshire (TAG 70:194, 194n5).[1] Arrival in America on the ship "Bevis" She and her husband arrived in New England on the "Bevis" in 1638, settling first at Weymouth,MA and then, by 1645, Rehoboth,MA. [4] William's wife, Abigail, and 4 of their children under 10 yers. of age came with William and William's father on the Bevis. Settled at Rehoboth. [6] Charles Henry Pope, The Pioneers of Massachusetts. Genealogical Co., Balt., 1977; p 89; DAR Library, Washington, D.C.: Abigail Carpenter, arrived Massachusetts 1638. Primary Immigrant, Carpenter, William. Family Members: Son William; Daughter-in-law Abigail; With 4 grandchildren. [6] Abigal, wife of William, and 4 of their children under 10 yers. of age came with William and William's father on the Bevis. [6] 1641 Rehoboth, Massachusetts William, Abigal and family settled at Rehoboth. They bought lands of Indians 30 Nov 1641. He was adm. from 13 May 1640. constable, 1640; deputy, 1641. Children listed. [6] They bought lands of Indians 30 Nov 1641. [6] He was adm. from 13 May 1640. constable, 1640; deputy, 1641. [6] 1687 Death - Burial - Estate Abigail was buried February 22, 1686/7[1] in the Newman Cemetery in Old Rehoboth (now East Providence, Rhode Island). [4] Abigail's estate admin. 7 September 1687 by son William.[6] Children John Carpenter, bp. at Shalbourne 8 Oct. 1626; m. Hannah Smith. [7] Abigail Carpenter, bp. at Shalbourne31 May 1629; m. (1) JOHN TITUS, (2) JONAH PALMER SR. [7](1629 - 1710)[4] William Carpenter, bp. at Shalbourne22 Nov. 1631; m. (1) PRISCILLA BENNETT, (2) MIRIAM SALE. [7] d. 1703[4] Joseph Carpenter, bp. at Shalbourne 6 April 1634; m. MARGARET SUTTON. [7] d. 1675 [4] Samuel Carpenter, bp. at Shalbourne 1 March 1636/7. Samuel died less than two months later and was bur. Shalbourne 20 April 1637 (TAG 70 194, 196, 204). [7] Samuel Carpenter, b. at Weymouth ca. 1638 and given the name of his deceased brother; m. SARAH REDWAY. 7 [7] d. 1682 [4] Hannah Carpenter, b. at Weymouth 3 2nd mo. [April] 1640; m. Joseph Carpenter, son of William Carpenter of Providence. [7] d. 1673[4] Abiah Carpenter b. at Weymouth 9 2nd mo. [April] 1643; m. MARY REDWAY. [7] d. 1688.[4] Sources ? 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Eugene Cole Zubrinsky, FASG, Ojai, California. William2 Carpenter (William1) of Rehoboth, Massachusetts. 2008; Prepared for Carpenters' Encyclopedia of Carpenters 2008 Update. Last revised 16 October 2012. Page 2; http://www.carpentercousins.com/Wm2_Rehoboth.pdf. (TAG 70:194n9, 204; see also Second Boat 1:15). Accessed Sept 27, 2015. ? http://jfredpeterson.com/tree/g11carp.htm#A1 ? Zubrinsky, Eugene Cole. "The Family of William2 Carpenter of Rehoboth, Massachusetts, With the English Origin of the Rehoboth Carpenters," The American Genealogist 70 (Oct. 1995):193-204. ? 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 Abigail Briant Carpenter, Find A Grave Memorial# 17793532, http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=17793532 ? Ancestral Lines, Third Edition, by Carl Boyer, 3rd (Santa Clarita, CA 1998), pp. 272 and 508-09, and in NEHGR, Vol. 65, pp. 63-66. ? 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 Charles Henry Pope. The Pioneers of Massachusetts. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1977, p. 89. DAR Library, Washington, D.C. ? 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 Eugene Cole Zubrinsky, FASG, Ojai, California. William2 Carpenter (William1) of Rehoboth, Massachusetts. 2008; Prepared for Carpenters' Encyclopedia of Carpenters 2008 Update. Last revised 16 October 2012. Pages 6-7; http://www.carpentercousins.com/Wm2_Rehoboth.pdf. Accessed Sept 27, 2015. Zubrinsky notes that the first five children were baptized at Shalbourne, and the remaining three at Weymouth. (TAG 70 194, 203– 4) The American Genealogist, Vol. 70, No. 4 (Oct 1995) http://www.carpentercousins.com/Carpenter%28TAG1995%29.pdf	BRIANT, Abigail (I594766933)
2990	auto mechanic	ESTABROOK, Robert Olin (I8506)
2991	Autun, France	AUTUN, Sénégonde D' (I9661)
2992	Auxillary Police Officer. Cape Codder Captain.	JASON, John Philip "Jocko" (I594770118)
2993	Avranches, Normandy, France	AVRANCHES, Maud D' (I10659)
2994	b, Goochland VA Christening: 20 may 1764 St James Northam Parish Goochland VA	ISBELL, Benjamin (I4495)
2995	b. 9, Feb, St James Northam Parish Goochland VA (1) 29 jan (2) Christening: 9 feb 1783 (2) d, Fluvanna VA 92)	MAYO, Lewis (I4478)
2996	b. Albemarle VA	HANCOCK, Judith (I4468)
2997	b. Albemarle VA? d. after 1800 in Surray NC	ISBELL, Christopher (I4519)
2998	b. Baker's Station Davidson TN d. Nashville Davidson TN bur Dry Fork Davidson TN	FREEMAN, Arthur Wellington (I27850)
2999	b. between 1655 and 1664 (1), 1694 (2) d. (2)	ISBELL, Henry (I4522)
3000	b. Caroline VA d. Louisa VA	ISBELL, Joseph (I4505)