John De LA POLE, 1st\Last Earl Of Lincoln^[1]

Abt 1462 - 1487  (~ 25 years)

• Name	John De LA POLE  [2, 3]
  Suffix	1st\Last Earl Of Lincoln
  Born	Abt 1462	Wingfield, Suffolk, England   [3]
  Gender	Male
  _UID	C26FD288601243A49117A774A30F2667E670
  Died	16 Jun 1487	Battle Of Stoke, Nottinghamshire, England (Dsp &Vp)   [2, 3]
  Person ID	I14330	Carney Wehofer 2024 Genealogy
  Last Modified	5 Feb 2012

  
  

  Father	John De LA POLE, 2nd Duke Of Suffolk,   b. 27 Sep 1442, Lincolnshire, England ,   d. Bef 27 Oct 1492, Wingfield, Suffolk, England  (Age 50 years)
  Mother	Elizabeth "Of York" PLANTAGENET,   b. 22 Apr 1444, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, France ,   d. Bef 3 May 1504, Wingfield, Suffolk, England  (Age 60 years)
  Married	Bef Oct 1460	2ND Wife   [4, 5]
  Family ID	F7393	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family	Margaret FITZALAN,   b. Abt 1470, Arundel, Sussex, England ,   d. Aft 1493  (Age ~ 24 years)
  Children	1. Margaret De LA POLE,   b. Abt 1487, Wingfield, Suffolk, England ,   d. Yes, date unknown
  Last Modified	29 Aug 2016
  Family ID	F7395	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

• Notes

  John de la Pole, 1st and last Earl of Lincoln of the March 1466/7 creation (dsp 1487). [Burke's Peerage] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- EARLDOM OF LINCOLN (XIV, 1) JOHN DE LA POLE, son and heir apparent of John (DE LA POLE), DUKE OF SUFFOLK, by the Lady Elizabeth, sister of EDWARD IV, was born circa 1462. On 13 March 1466/7 he was created EARL OF LINCOLN, with ?20 per annum from the issues of the county of Lincoln. In company with the King's sons he was ceremonially knighted, K.B.. on Whit Sunday, 14 May 1475. He attended the funeral of Edward IV, 16/17 April 1483. He was bearer of the Orb at the Coronation of Richard III, 6 July 1483, and with many other nobles joined him in August at Warwick. On 13 April 1484 he had grants of manors for his good service against the rebels, on 1 May was made a commissioner of array in the North, and in July was appointed President of the Council of the North. On 21 August he was appointed Chief Governor of Ireland, as the King's Lieutenant. In 1485, about May, he was declared by his uncle King Richard to be the next heir to the Crown, failing issue to himself. He is said to have fought for Richard at Bosworth, 22 August 1485, but, like his father, quickly submitted to Henry Vll. He was in Henry's service up to the middle of 1486, when he fled to Flanders and took an active part in promoting the cause of Lambert Simnel there. He proclaimed Simnel in Dublin, 24 May 1487, and, crossing to England, landed at Furness 4 June; and fighting for him at the battle of Stoke, 16 June, was slain. He married Margaret, daughter of Thomas (FITZALAN), EARL OF ARUNDEL, by Margaret, daughter of Richard (WYDVILL), EARL RIVERS, and sister of Elizabeth, wife of EDWARD IV. He died as aforesaid, v.p. and s.p., 16 June 1487, when his Earldom became extinct, and he was tainted. His widow Margaret was living in 1493 or later. [Complete Peerage VII:688-90, XIV:437, (transcribed by Dave Utzinger)] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------- Following copied from www.fifteenthcentury.net/battles.html: About the last full battle of the War of Roses: 4000 rebels & 3000 loyalists killed. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------- The Battle of Stoke Date: 16 June 1487 Victor: Tudor (Lancaster) York Leadership: John, Earl of Lincoln; Francis, Viscount Lovell; Martin Schwarz Lancastrian Leadership: Henry VII; John De Vere, Earl of Oxford; Jaspar Tudor, Duke of Bedford Notable Deaths: John, Earl of Lincoln In 1487, Henry would face a serious threat to his throne. A young man named Lambert Simnel had been trained by a priest named Richard Symonds to pass himself off as the Earl of Warwick. When presented to the Earl of Kildare in Ireland, he was accepted as the Yorksit heir to the English throne. The real Earl, as the heir to the House of York (he was nephew to Edward IV and Richard III, Clarence's son), had been imprisoned in the Tower by Henry after Bosworth. In order to prove the rumours false, Henry paraded the Earl through the streets of London, but questions remained as to who was the real Earl. Yorkist sympathisers such as John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln (another Yorkist heir as son of Richard III and Edward IV's sister, Elizabeth) and Viscount Lovell were living in exile at the court of the Duke of Burgundy, whose wife was Margaret of York (another sister of Richard III and Edward IV). As soon as they heard of the Yorkist sympathy in Ireland, they sailed there, armed with financial support from Margaret, and two thousand German mercenaries under the command of Martin Schwarz. On 24 may 1487, Simnel was crowned Edward VI in Christ Church in Dublin. They were now joined by other dissaffected Yorkists, and with this backing, some Irish troops and the mercenaries, the Yorkists decided to invade England. On 4 June the Yorkists landed on the Lancashire coast. From here they headed to Yorkshire, Richard's area of greatest popularity, and gathered supporters as they went. Their force soon numbered as many as nine thousand men. From Masham, Lincoln wrote a note to the lord mayor and the city leaders of York, warning him that their force would soon be reaching York, where it would be gathering supplies. The city leaders wrote back declaring they would not let the forces enter. The Earl of Northumberland had sent orders to the city to support Henry. With the city of York closed the them, the Yorkists turned south. By 15 August, the Yorkists, who now numbered about ten thousand men, had reached Newark, and Henry was closing in on them with a large army. The Yorkist army, thanks mainly to Lincoln's leadership, was very well disciplined and had very high morale. The Yorksits had hoped to cross the River Trent here, but found out that the castle and bridge at Newark were being held by a group of the king's men who had ridden ahead of the main army. They decided instead to ford the river at Fiskerton, west of Newark, and by 15 June had travelled there and crossed the river. They made camp in a meadow, west of a small village called East Stoke. In the morning, the Yorkists moved into a defensive position, on a hill known as Burham Furlong. With their army in place, they waited for the king's forces to arrive, unwilling to lose their advantageous position. Unbeknownst to the Yorkists, the king's commanders did not know where the rebels were, or whether they had even crossed the Trent. Oxford was the first to discover their whereabouts, and he was forced to make a quick decision whether to attack the Yorkists, sending word and hoping the rest of the king's forces would arrive in time, or wait for the rest of the forces to arrive, and risk being attacked in the open. He decided to attack and advanced his forces into battle line. The Yorkists attacked downhill, and Oxford found his forces were being pushed back. It was only the timely arrival of the king's main army that saved Oxford's men from a rout. As more and more fresh troops kept arriving, the Yorkists began to be pushed back up the hill, until they broke and fled. Most of the Yorkists tried to escape along a ravine leading from the hill to the river. They were cornered by the king's men and hudnreds were killed. This place is still known as the "Red Gutter". The Yorkists were pursued for several days, thousand being killed and hundreds being captured. Lincoln and Schwartz were killed, and Lovell disappeared without a trace. The German mercenaries were allowed to return to their homes. Simnel was captured and later put to work in the royal kitchens.

  
  

• Sources

  [S579] Jim Weber. [S289] Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles M o s l e y Editor-in-Chief, 1999, 26 May 2003., 2099 (Reliability: 3). [S63] Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000, VII:688-690 (Reliability: 3). [S289] Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles M o s l e y Editor-in-Chief, 1999, 26 May 2003., 2761, 220 (Reliability: 3). [S63] Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000, XII/1:450 (Reliability: 3).