King Robert II Of SCOTLAND

1316 - 1390  (74 years)

• Name	Robert II Of SCOTLAND  [1]
  Prefix	King
  Christening	1316	Paisley Abbey, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland   [1]
  Birth	2 Mar 1316	Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland   [1]
  Gender	Male
  Affiliation	[2]
  	House of Stewart - Founder
  Restored to The Line of Succession	Jul 1326	Cambuskenneth Abbey, Stirlingshire, Scotland   [2]
  	David Bruce became heir to the throne of Scotland upon his birth on 5 March 1324, displacing his nephew from the line of succession. However, 2 heirs are better than only one, and the death of David's twin brother John reminded everyone how fragile baby's
  DUNDONALD CASTLE	1371	Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland   [2]
  	Robert Stewart built Dundonald Castle in 1371, probably to mark his accession to the throne as Robert II, and as a safe place for his family to live.
  Ascension to Throne	22 Feb 1371  [2]
  FamilySearch ID	LHW6-FV7
  Group	KING
  	Designated Royal King
  TitleOfNobility	[2]
  	Grandson of Robert, The Bruce, 1st Monarch of the House of Stewart, 15 issue, succeeded his uncle King David II)
  TitleOfNobility	[2]
  	King of Scotland, Guardian of Scotland, High Steward of Scotland, Earl of Atholl, Earl of Strathearn
  TitleOfNobility	Between 22 Feb 1371 and 19 Apr 1390  [2]
  	35th King of Scotland - reigned for 19 years
  Name	Robert STEWART  [2]
  Name	Robert STEWART  [2]
  Religion	[2]
  	Roman Catholic
  Death	19 Apr 1390	Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland   [1]
  Burial	24 Apr 1390	Scone Priory, Old Scone, Perthshire, Scotland   [1]
  Person ID	I594767539	Carney Wehofer 2024 Genealogy
  Last Modified	2 Jan 2023

  
  

  Father	Walter STEWART,   b. 1296, Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 9 Apr 1326, Bathgate Castle, Bathgate, Linlithgow, Scotland (Age 30 years)
  Mother	Princess Marjory Of SCOTLAND,   b. 12 Dec 1296, Cardross, Dunbartonshire, Scotland d. 2 Mar 1316, Paisley Abbey, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland (Age 19 years)
  Marriage	1315	Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland   [3]
  Family ID	F219	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family 1	Elizabeth MURE, of Rowallan,   b. 2 Mar 1320, Rowallan Castle, Kilmaurs, AYR, Scotland d. 1354, Dundonald Castle, Ayrshire, Scotland (Age 33 years)
  Marriage	1348	Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland   [2]
  Children	1. Lady Margaret STEWART, Princess of Scotland,   b. 1336, Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 6 May 1410, Lochaline, Argyll, Scotland (Age 74 years)   2. King Robert III STEWART, of Scotland,   b. 14 Aug 1337, Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 4 Apr 1406, Rothesay Castle, Rothesay, Bute, Scotland (Age 68 years)   3. Walter STEWART, Earl of Fife,   b. 1338, Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 22 Aug 1362, Stirling Castle, Stirling, Stirlingshire, Scotland (Age 24 years)   4. Sir Robert STEWART, 1st Duke of Albany,   b. 1 Jul 1340, Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 3 Sep 1420, Stirling Castle, Stirlingshire, Scotland (Age 80 years)   5. Marjorie STEWART, Princess of Scotland, Countess of Moray,   b. 1342, Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 6 May 1417, Darnaway, Morayshire, Scotland (Age 75 years)   6. Alexander STEWART, 1st Earl of Buchan,   b. 14 Jun 1343, Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 24 Jul 1394, Highland, Scotland, (Age 51 years)   7. Elizabeth STEWART, Princess of Scotland, Baroness Hay of Erroll,   b. 1346, Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 1389, Kinnoul Castle, Perth, Perthshire, Scotland (Age 43 years)   8. Isabel Eupheme STEWART,   b. 1348, Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 26 Oct 1410, Douglas, Lanarkshire, Scotland (Age 62 years)   9. Jean STEWART, Princess of Scotland,   b. 1351, Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 1404, Scone, Perthshire, Scotland (Age 53 years)   10. Katherine STEWART, Princess of Scotland,   b. 1352, Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 1446, Crawford or Clydesdale, Lanarkshire, Scotland (Age 94 years)
  Family ID	F536728946	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	2 Jan 2023

  
  

  Family 2	Moira DE LECHE,   b. 2 Mar 1320, Kilmarnock, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 1356, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland (Age 35 years)
  Children	1. Sir John STEWART, "The Black Stewart," Heritable 1st Sheriff of Bute,   b. Abt 1350, Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 24 May 1441, Stirling, Stirlingshire, Scotland (Age ~ 91 years)
  Family ID	F536728947	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	2 Jan 2023

  
  

  Family 3	Euphemia De ROSS,   b. Abt 1334, Scotland d. Abt 1387 (Age ~ 53 years)
  Marriage	2 May 1355
  Children	1. Princess Elizabeth Or Catherine STEWART   d. Yes, date unknown   2. David STEWART, Earl of Strathearn,   b. 1357, Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 5 Mar 1389, Strathearn, Perthshire, Scotland (Age 32 years)   3. Walter STEWART, 1st Earl of Atholl,   b. Abt 1360, Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 26 Mar 1437, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland (Age ~ 77 years)   4. Princess Egidia STUART, Of Scottland,   b. 1368, Dundonald Castle, Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland d. 1388, Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland (Age 20 years)
  Family ID	F217	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	2 Jan 2023

  
  

• Photos

  Dundonald Castle where he died

  
  

• Notes

  Robert II (2 March 1316 – 19 April 1390) was King of Scots from 1371 to his death in 1390. He was the first monarch of the House of Stewart as the son of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland, and of Marjorie Bruce, daughter of the Scottish king Robert the Bruce by his first wife Isabella of Mar. In 1336, he first married Elizabeth Mure, daughter of Sir Adam Mure of Rowallan. The marriage was criticized for being uncanonical, so he remarried her in 1349 after receiving a papal dispensation in 1347. From this union, ten children reached adulthood: - John, who became King of Scotland as Robert III, married Anabella Drummond. - Walter, husband of Isabella MacDuff, Countess of Fife. - Robert, Earl of Fife and Duke of Albany, married Margaret Graham, Countess of Menteith, and 2nd Muriella Keith. - Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan, "The Wolf of Badenoch", married Euphemia of Ross. - Margaret, married John of Islay, Lord of the Isles. - Marjorie, married John Dunbar, Earl of Moray, then Sir Alexander Keith. - Elizabeth married Thomas de la Hay, Lord High Constable of Scotland. - Isabella, married James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas, and 2nd John Edmonstone of Edmonstone. - Johanna (Jean), married Sir John Keith, then 2nd John Lyon, Lord of Glamis and 3rd Sir James Sandilands. - Katherine, married Sir Robert Logan of Grugar and Restalrig, Lord High Admiral of Scotland. In 1355, Robert married his second wife Euphemia de Ross, daughter of Hugh, Earl of Ross. They had four children: - David Stewart, Earl of Strathearn, born about 1356 and died in 1389. - Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl, born about 1360, beheaded at Edinburgh in 1437 for being involved in the assassination of King James I. - Elizabeth, married in 1380 David Lindsay, 1st Earl of Crawford. - Egidia, married William Douglas of Nithsdale. [Information added by OldeBruce in April 2022: Edward Bruce, younger brother of Robert the Bruce, was named heir to the throne but he died without legitimate children on 3 December 1318 in a battle near Dundalk in Ireland. Marjorie by this time had died in a riding accident – probably in 1317. Parliament decreed her infant son, Robert Stewart, as heir presumptive, but this lapsed on 5 March 1324 on the birth of a son, David, to King Robert and his second wife, Elizabeth de Burgh. Robert Stewart inherited the title of High Steward of Scotland on his father's death on 9 April 1326, and a Parliament held in July 1326 confirmed the young Steward as heir should Prince David die without a successor. In 1329 King Robert I died and the six-year-old David succeeded to the throne with Sir Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray appointed Guardian of Scotland. Edward Balliol, son of King John Balliol, assisted by the English and Scottish nobles disinherited by Robert I, invaded Scotland inflicting heavy defeats on the Bruce party on 11 August 1332 at Dupplin Moor and Halidon Hill on 19 July 1333. Robert fought at Halidon, where his uncle and former guardian, Sir James Stewart, was killed. Following this battle, Robert's lands in the west were given by Balliol to his supporter David Strathbogie, the titular Earl of Atholl. Robert took refuge in the fortress of Dumbarton Castle in the Clyde estuary to join his uncle, King David. In May 1334 David escaped to France leaving Robert and John Randolph, 3rd Earl of Moray as joint Guardians of the kingdom. Robert succeeded in regaining his lands but following Randolph's capture by the English in July 1335, his possessions were once again targeted by the forces of Balliol and King Edward III of England. This may have persuaded Robert to submit to Balliol and the English king and may explain his removal as Guardian by September 1335. The Guardianship transferred to Sir Andrew Murray of Bothwell but following his death in 1338 Robert was re-appointed and retained the office until King David returned from France in June 1341. Robert accompanied David into battle at Neville's Cross on 17 October 1346 but he and Patrick Dunbar, Earl of March escaped or fled the field and David was taken prisoner. In October 1357, the king was ransomed for 100,000 marks to be paid in installments over ten years. Robert joined a rebellion against David in 1363 but submitted to him following a threat to his right of succession. In 1364, David presented a proposal to Parliament that would cancel the remaining ransom debt if it was agreed that a Plantagenet heir would inherit the Scottish throne should he die without issue. This was rejected and Robert succeeded to the throne at the age of 55 following David's unexpected death in 1371. England still controlled large sectors in the Lothians and in the border country so King Robert allowed his southern earls to engage in actions in the English zones to regain their territories, halted trade with England and renewed treaties with France. By 1384, the Scots had re-taken most of the occupied lands, but following the commencement of Anglo-French peace talks, Robert was reluctant to commit Scotland to all-out war and obtained Scotland's inclusion in the peace treaty. Robert's peace strategy was a factor in the virtual coup in 1384 when he lost control of the country, first to his eldest son, John, Earl of Carrick, afterwards King Robert III, and then from 1388 to John's younger brother, Robert, Earl of Fife, afterwards the first Duke of Albany. Robert II died in Dundonald Castle in 1390 and was buried at Scone Abbey. Heir presumptive Robert Stewart, born in 1316, was the only child of Walter Stewart, High Steward of Scotland and King Robert I's daughter Marjorie Bruce, who died probably in 1317 following a riding accident.[1] He had the upbringing of a Gaelic noble on the Stewart lands in Bute, Clydeside, and in Renfrew.[1] In 1315 parliament removed Marjorie's right as heir to her father in favour of her uncle, Edward Bruce.[2] Edward was killed at the Battle of Faughart, near Dundalk on 14 October 1318,[3] resulting in a hastily arranged Parliament in December to enact a new entail naming Marjorie's son, Robert, as heir should the king die without a successor.[4] The birth of a son, afterwards David II, to King Robert on 5 March 1324 cancelled Robert Stewart's position as heir presumptive, but a Parliament at Cambuskenneth in July 1326 restored him in the line of succession should David die without an heir.[2] This reinstatement of his status was accompanied by the gift of lands in Argyll, Roxburghshire and the Lothians.[5] The first war of independence began in the reign of King John Balliol.[6] His short reign was bedeviled by Edward I's insistence on his overlordship of Scotland. The Scottish leadership concluded that only war could release the country from the English king's continued weakening of Balliol's sovereignty and so finalised a treaty of reciprocal assistance with France in October 1295.[7] The Scots forayed into England in March 1296— this incursion together with the French treaty angered the English king and provoked an invasion of Scotland taking Berwick on 30 March before defeating the Scots army at Dunbar on 27 April.[8] John Balliol submitted to Edward and resigned the throne to him before being sent to London as a prisoner. Despite this, resistance to the English led by William Wallace and Andrew Moray had emerged in the name of King John Balliol.[8] On their deaths, Robert the Bruce continued to resist the English and eventually succeeded in defeating the forces of Edward II of England and gained the Scottish throne for himself.[7] David Bruce, aged five, became king on 7 June 1329 on the death of his father Robert. Walter the Steward had died earlier on 9 April 1327,[9] and the orphaned eleven-year-old Robert was placed under the guardianship of his uncle, Sir James Stewart of Durrisdeer,[2] who along with Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray, and William Lindsey, Archdeacon of St Andrews were appointed as joint Guardians of the kingdom.[10] David's accession kindled the second independence war which threatened Robert's position as heir.[11] In 1332 Edward Balliol, son of the deposed John Balliol, spearheaded an attack on the Bruce sovereignty with the tacit support of King Edward III of England and the explicit endorsement of 'the disinherited'.[12] Edward Balliol's forces delivered heavy defeats on the Bruce supporters at Dupplin Moor on 11 August 1332 and again at Halidon Hill on 19 July 1333, at which the 17-year-old Robert participated.[10] Robert's estates were overrun by Balliol, who granted them to David Strathbogie, titular earl of Atholl, but Robert evaded capture and gained protection at Dumbarton Castle where King David was also taking refuge.[11] Very few other strongholds remained in Scottish hands in the winter of 1333— only the castles of Kildrummy (held by Christian Bruce, elder sister of Robert I and wife of Andrew Murray of Bothwell), Loch Leven, Loch Doon, and Urquhart held out against Balliol forces.[13] Dairsie Castle where the 1335 Parliament was held In May 1334, the situation looked dire for the house of Bruce and David II gained safety in France. Robert set about winning back his lands in the west of Scotland. Was in command of the second division of the Scotch Army at Halidon Hill, and was one of the few who escaped the carnage of that disastrous day. See Europäisch Stammtafeln Band II tafel 69. There is some confusion over which daughter is which and who are their mothers which still needs some clarification. Robert II (2 March 1316 – 19 April 1390) was King of Scots from 1371 to his death in 1390. He was the first monarch of the House of Stewart as the son of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland, and of Marjorie Bruce, daughter of the Scottish king Robert the Bruce by his first wife Isabella of Mar. Edward Bruce, younger brother of Robert the Bruce, was named heir presumptive but died without heirs on 3 December 1318. Marjorie Bruce had died probably in 1317 in a riding accident and parliament decreed her infant son, Robert Stewart, as heir presumptive, but this lapsed on 5 March 1324 on the birth of a son, David, to King Robert and his second wife, Elizabeth de Burgh. Robert Stewart became High Steward of Scotland on his father's death on 9 April 1327, and in the same year parliament confirmed the young Steward as heir should Prince David die without a successor. In 1329 King Robert I died and the six-year-old David succeeded to the throne under the guardianship of Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray.

  
  

• Sources

  [S1160] The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, FamilySearch Family Tree (http://www.familysearch.org), ((http://www.familysearch.org)), accessed 2 Jan 2023), entry for Robert III Stewart, person ID LZ86-T6V. (Reliability: 3). [S1160] The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, FamilySearch Family Tree (http://www.familysearch.org), ((http://www.familysearch.org)), accessed 2 Jan 2023), entry for Robert II Of SCOTLAND, person ID LHW6-FV7. (Reliability: 3). [S1160] The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, FamilySearch Family Tree (http://www.familysearch.org), ((http://www.familysearch.org)), accessed 2 Jan 2023), entry for Walter STEWART, person ID L8MB-CP1. (Reliability: 3).