Gunnora (Gonnor) DE CREPON

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: G39Q-HBK
• Name: Gonnor De CREPON
• _UID: 5A335DB7DA964FACAA2D335ABBBB4F4F8453

Notes:

Curt Hofemann, [email protected], in a post-em, wrote:

Apparently she was not "de Crepon" & her parentage is unknown:

The name of the father of Gunnor is unknown. Herbastus is derived from the name of her brother Herfast/Arfastus, but is unsupported. [Ref: Todd A Farmerie message to Gen-Medieval 6 Nov 1996]

The greater part of our information about Gunnor and her relations is derived from those additions to the History of William of Jumieges for which Robert de Rotigny is responsible. It is Robert who preserved the story of how Richard I of Normandy became enamoured of the beautiful Senfrie, wife of one of his foresters, and how Senfrie contrived to substitute her sister Gunnor for herself, to the Duke's ultimate satisfaction. [Ref The Sisters and Nieces of Gunnor, Duchess of Normandy by G.H. White in the Genealogist, New Series 1921 v37 p57]

Parentage of Gunnor and her siblings is unknown. While some sources call her father Herfastus, this was in fact the name of her brother. She has also been claimed as a daughter of the Danish royal family, but there is no evidence for this, and the context of her coming to attention of Richard I and the family's subsequent rise to power militates against her being a royal daughter. Douglas argued, based on the donations of brother Arfast to the monastery of St. Pere, that the root of the family was in the Cotetin region of Normandy, but van Houts has suggested that the Cotetin land was granted to Arfast, rather than inherited by him. Thus we are left with the more ambiguous statement of Torigny and others that she was a member of a Norman family of Danish origins. [Ref: Todd A Farmerie message to Gen-Medieval 5 Jan 1997]

Gunnora ... was not "de Crepon", nor was she daughter of Herbastus de Crepon of Denmark - her brother Herfastus/Arfast appears to have received Crepon only after Gunnora took up with Richard I, and thus the family was not originally from there. Likewise, while she is said to be of a noble family of Danish ancestry, it is not stated that her father was from Denmark (the family probably arrived with Rollo, in the generation of her (unknown) grandfather. [Ref: Todd A Farmerie message to Gen-Medieval 28 Jul 2000]

Research note 1: Was her father Herfast de CREPON or King Haraldblaafand of DENMARK? There is a lack of consensus on this. -Charlotte's Web Geneology http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0042/g0000020.htm#I239

Research note 2: father: Harald I Blaatand, Bluetooth, King of Denmark [Ref: McBride2 (possibly citing Wurts)]

My notes on Gunnora:
This is the same Gunnora known as Gunnora of Crepon, but both are of little value. Gunnora was NOT of Denmark. Some inventive genealogist somewhere along the line decided to make her daughter of Harald Bluetooth, but there is no basis for this, and what we know of her indicates it is not really a possibility worthy of consideration. Her nephew later was called "of Crepon" but he likely gained his posessions through Gunnora's marriage to the Duke, rather than this representing the original home of the clan.

What can be said of Gunnora's parents? Nothing! She was not daughter of Harfast, as (too) often stated. Her family was likely of the minor Norman nobility, since her oldest sister was married to a forester at the time Richard first bumped into the girls. That's it.

Richard I of Normandy first bedded, and later married Gunnora, whose ancestry is entirely unknown. She is sometimes said to be daughter of a King of Denmark, but this is incorrect. [taf]

There are several things going on here. First of all, the father of Gunnora and siblings is not known. Attempts to name him Herbastus probably originated in confusion with her brother. Second, Gunnora had three sisters, Senfria/Senfreda, Wevia, and (Avelina). The first married an otherwise unknown forester. The latter two are confused by our two sources, one claiming that it was Wevia who married Osbern, and the other that Wevia married Turold of Pont Audemer, and by deduction, (Avelina) married Osbern. We know that Osbern married one of them, and a recent analysis suggests that it was Wevia for nomenclatural reasons. (Specifically, Turold and wife had a granddaughter named Duvelina, and it is hyposthesized that she was named for her grandmother, and that Duvelina is the authentic name of the sister, rather than Avelina. Finally, in which generation was Osbern's. This is unambiguous. She was sister of Gunnora and the others. There is no source before recent times that claims otherwise. There are two probable origins for the error that she was niece of Gunnora. First, due to the error in naming her father Herfastus, someone aware that this was the name of Gunnora's brother assumed then that Avelina's father was Gunnora's brother (the name of Gunnora's father being unknown, and probably unknowable). The second possibility is a confusion of uncle and nephew. Harfastus/Arfast had a son Osbern of Crepon, and perhaps someone confused this man with Osbern of Bolbec. Still, we know for certain that Osbern of Bolbec married a sister of Gunnora. [Ref: Dave Utzinger message to Gen-Medieval 29 Jul 2000]

Regards,
Curt

Gunnora married Richard I "Sans Peur" Duke Of NORMANDY, 3rd after 962 in France. Richard (son of William I "Longsword" FITZROBERT, 2nd and Sprota (Adela) Of Senlis) was born on 28 Aug 933 in F?camp, Normandie (Normandy, France); died on 20 Nov 996 in F?camp, Normandie (Normandy, France); was buried in F?camp, Normandie (Normandy, France). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9GB4-KR
• Name: Robert Archbishop Of Rouen & Count Of EVEREAUX
• Name: Robert De NORMANDIE
• _UID: F6066A84C21D4841B4CED312247010399671
• Alt. Birth: 964; Alt. Birth

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Occupation:
Archbishop of Rouen

Occupation:
Count of Evereaux

Alt. Birth:
Normandie, France

Other Events:

• AFN: 8WKC-VV
• LDS Temple: Earl of Corbeil
• Name: Mauger De NORMANDIE
• Name: Maugher Earl Of CORBEIL
• _UID: 61BCBD9E09BC4E4E8BC6AFEFFACFCA4CA776
• Alt. Birth: Abt 967; Alt. Birth

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Alt. Birth:
Of Normandie

Maugher married about 997 in Normandie (Normandy), France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• _UID: 9E0B2B04F03C415AA476E0F53B6FDE263C19

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Family/Spouse: Geofroi I Duke Of BRITTANY. Geofroi (son of Conan I "The Crooked" Rennes Count Of BRITTANY and Ermengarde D'ANJOU) was born about 980 in Bretagne, Normandy, France; died on 20 Nov 1008 in Killed. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9GB4-QM
• _UID: 0D0FDD59423A405C8E060326E0C86A5A930E

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Other Events:

• Alt. Burial: Alt. Burial
• Name: Richard II The Good Of NORMANDY
• Name: The Good
• _UID: CA743EFB35B4419BAF1F5B2C8DC94918484C
• Alt. Birth: Abt 958
• Alt. Birth: Abt 963; Alt. Birth
• Titled: Between 996 and 1026
• Alt. Death: 28 Aug 1027; Alt. Death

Notes:

Name Suffix: Duke of Normandy
Ancestral File Number: 9HMD-XR
Sourc es: RC 89, 141, 167, 176; Kraentzler 1156, 1174, 1194, 1211, 1218, 1225,
1239, 1264, 1443; K and Q of Britain, Onslow; Coe, A. Roots 121, 132, 132A; 177;
Pf afman; Butler; AIS.
RC and K: Richard II, le Bon (the Good). Duke of Normandy.
AIS: Richard II, Duke of Normandy.

SOURCES:
1. Stuart, Roderick W. _Roy alty for Commoners_. 2nd Edition. Baltimore,
MD: Genealogical Publishing Com pany, Inc., 1992; line 89-32.
2. Ancestral File (AFN:9HMD-XR).

1 NAME Richard II the Good of /Normandy/

Sources: RC 89, 141, 167, 176; Kraentzler 1156, 1174, 1194, 1211, 1218, 1225,
1239, 1264, 1443; K and Q of Britain, Onslow; Coe, A. Roots 121, 132, 132A; 177 ;
Pfafman; Butler; AIS.
RC and K: Richard II, le Bon (the Good). Duke of Norm andy.
AIS: Richard II, Duke of Normandy.

SOURCES:
1. Stuart, Roderick W. _Royalty for Commoners_. 2nd Edition. Baltimore,
MD: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 1992; line 89-32.
2. Ancestral File (AFN:9HMD-XR).


Richard II, byname RICHARD THE GOOD, French RICHARD LE BON (d. 1026/27), duke of Normandy (996-1026/27), son of Richard I the Fearless. He held his own against a peasant insurrection, helped Robert II of France against the duchy of Burgundy, and repelled an English attack on the Cotentin Peninsula that was led by the Anglo-Saxon king Ethelred II the Unready. He also pursued a reform of the Norman monasteries. [Encyclopaedia Britannica CD '97]

Alt. Burial:
Fbecamp, Normandie

Relationship (J,M&L):
33rd Great-grandparent

Alt. Birth:
of, Normandy, France

Alt. Birth:
, Normandie

Titled:
Duc (Duke) de Normandie (Normandy)

Alt. Death:
Fbecamp, Normandie

Richard married in , Normandy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married Judith Of Brittany DE BRETAGNE in 1000 in , Normandy, France. Judith (daughter of Conan I "The Crooked" Rennes Count Of BRITTANY and Ermengarde D'ANJOU) was born in 982 in Bretagne, Normandy, France; died on 16 Jun 1017 in Normandie (Normandy), France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married Papia (Poppa) D' ENVERMEU in 1007 in Le Mont Saint Michel (50170, France). Papia was born about 970; died in 1024. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married Estrith (Margaret) Of Denmark in 1017. Estrith and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married Papia Of Envermeu about 1024. Papia and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9GB4-RS
• _UID: BAF259B3FD6447EEA851960769B89F50F487

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Other Events:

• Name: Ralph AUBEREE
• _UID: C5862410E9F5446787E0FFA54DE6DF0429DF

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Other Events:

• AFN: 9GB4-S0
• Name: B?atrice (Beatrice) De NORMANDIE
• Name: B?atrix (Beatrix) De NORMANDIE
• _UID: 2B96BA33460847389D732AB895DF69469045
• Alt. Birth: 980; Alt. Birth

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Other Events:

• AFN: B19R-Q9
• _UID: 61B7A449BA774EDA835D7854B11846CEE77E

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Emma married Ethelred II "The Unready" King Of ENGLAND in 1002 in Of Normandie, France. Ethelred (son of Edgar "The Peacable" King Of ENGLAND and Elfrida (Elfthryth) Queen Of ENGLAND) was born about 968 in Wessex, England; died on 23 Apr 1016 in London, Middlesexshire, England; was buried in St Paul's, London, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• _UID: 3F22053E50714EE784FE83269D846BB10289

Other Events:

• _UID: 3E0134D3017D4D389CF12456849B071B91EA

Other Events:

• _UID: FA2F02B8975E4F0E8EDD812BF3B3E59F762D

Other Events:

• AFN: 8XJV-44
• Name: Avelina (Aveline) De NORMANDIE
• _UID: C0BC879A343C46E0A3CA613D4EACED7A9F7D

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Family/Spouse: Osbern II Seigneur De Longueville De BOLEBEC. Osbern (son of Osbern (Osbert) Lord Of Longueville De DE BOLBEC and Woerta (Wevia) DE CREPON) was born about 979 in Bolbec, Seine-Inferieure, Normandy, France; died in 1063 in France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9HML-KP
• Name: Adelais (Judith) De NORMANDIE
• Name: JUDITH
• _UID: 448A646974D24BD9934F4A53C2E6CD7B7413
• Alt. Birth: Abt 1007; Alt. Birth

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Relationship (J,M&L):
32nd Great-grandparent

Alt. Birth:
Of, Normandie

Judith married before 1023 in France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• Name: Richard III De NORMANDIE
• Name: Richard III De NORMANDY
• Name: Richard III Of NORMANDIE
• _UID: 180EB89A5E9B4891AD66E2AEB2559041C53A
• Titled: 28 Aug 1026
• Occupation: Between 28 Aug 1026 and 6 Aug 1028

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Titled:
Duke of Normandy (after his Father's death)

Occupation:
Duke of Normandy

Richard married Princess Adele (Alix) De FRANCE in Jan 1026 in Paris, France (Contract-Not Married). Adele (daughter of Robert II "The Pious", King Of France and Constance DE ARLES) was born on 3 May 1009 in Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, Occitanie, France; was christened on 21 May 1009 in Paris, ?le-de-France, France; died on 8 Jan 1097 in Messines, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married in Jan 1026-1027 in Contract, Not Married. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• _UID: F1D1A0AEFB7B45EA8256D41A45CE60120012
• Event: Aft 30 May 1056

Notes:

[001.ged]

Name Suffix: Countess
Ancestral File Number: 9R45-61
Sources: RC 1 41; Butler; Onslow; Davis; AF.
Onslow: Youngest daughter, married Baldwin, Cou nt of Flanders.
Davis: Eleanor, married Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders.


Th is information is assumed correct, but may contain erroneous links. Please don 't assume it to be the absolute truth. I've tried to double check most of the work to assure myself of its accuracy...but you can never be 100% sure. Thank you, and enjoy.


Source: lorenfamily.com

Event:
Feastday: September 8

Event:
Entered the Benedictine convent near Ypres

Eleanor married after 21 Feb 1029-1030 in Flanders, Nord, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• AFN: 92D5-NS
• Name: Guillaume De NORMANDIE
• Name: William DARCY
• Name: William Poncius Of NORMANDIE
• _UID: D637F1A77F4349BF859E20D2D30DE5145D4D
• Alt. Birth: 1005; Alt. Birth
• Alt. Birth: Abt 1010; Alt. Birth

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Titled:
Lord of Areci (Arcy)

Titled:
Count of Thoulousse

Alt. Birth:
Of Normandie

Alt. Birth:
Normandie, France

Guillaume married about 1023. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• Alt. Burial: Alt. Burial
• FamilySearch ID: LZL3-CTY
• Name: Robert I "The Magnificent" Duke Of NORMANDY
• _UID: D61165CEEA574A27B4FD1AD5FF0E19AC3EA7
• Alt. Birth: Abt 999; Alt. Birth
• Titled: Bef 6 Aug 1028
• Titled: 6 Aug 1028
• Alt. Death: 22 Jul 1035; Alt. Death

Notes:

Robert I, by name ROBERT The MAGNIFICENT, or The DEVIL, French ROBERT le MAGNIFIQUE, or le DIABLE (d. July 1035, Nicaea), duke of Normandy (1027-35), the younger son of Richard II of Normandy and the father, by his mistress Arlette, of William the Conqueror of England. On the death of his father (1026/27), Robert contested the duchy with his elder brother Richard III, legally the heir, until the latter's opportune death a few years later.

A strong ruler, Robert succeeded in exacting the obedience of his vassals. On the death of Robert II the Pious, king of France (1031), a crisis arose over the succession to the French throne. The Duke gave his support to Henry I against the party favouring his younger brother; in reward for his services he demanded and received the Vexin Fran?ais, a territory not far north of Paris. A patron of the monastic reform movement, he died while returning from a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. [Encyclopaedia Britannica CD '97]

Sources: RC 89, 131; Kraent zler 1156, 1218, 1241, 1264, 1265, 1342, 1350;
Coe; Dukes; AF; K & Q of Britai n; Norr; A. Roots 121, 121E, 130; France,
Vol. 1 (1868), by M. Guizot and Mada me Guizot de Witt; AIS; Davis.
Roots: Robert I, Duke of Normandy. Married (Dan ish wife) Arlette (or Herleve). Left issue by this mistress.
K: Robert I "le Magnifique ou le Diable." Count d'Hieme. Duke of Normandy.
In line 1350 he cal ls him erroneously calls him Richard I.
Robert was called both "The Magnificen t" and also "Robert the Devil," because of his "reckless and violent deeds of audacity, whether in private life or in warlike expeditions."

For example the Duke of Normandy was looking out at his fortress. He saw a beautiful, tanner's daughter soaking animals skins in water. She had hiked up her skirt. The duke liked what he saw. He sent a soldier to pick her up. She said she would go to the duke's castle if she rode the soldier's horse. The soldier agreed. She borrowed a nice dress. Then rode the soldier's horse side-saddle. She and the duke had sex and the future William the Conqueror king of England was conceived.

In 1034 or 1035, after a "fair life from the political point of view, but one full of turbulence and moral irregularity" he undertook a pilgrimage, barefoot, to Jerusalem " to expiate his sins..." The Norman prelates and barons urged him not to go because they believed he might die on the pilgrimage (they were right) and he had no successor. Robert, therefore, named his bastard son, William, as his successor and prevailed upon King Henry I of France to sanction the arrangement--a decision the king was later to regret.

Guizot says Robert I was the fifth in succession from Rollo, the first ruler of Normandy. William was named after William Longsword, the son and successor
of Rollo. So the Norman reign went from Rollo, to William Longsword, Richard I, Richard II, Richard III, Robert I and William, who would become William the Conqueror and, subsequently, William I, King of England.

Richard III and Robert I were sons of Richard II, according to a chart in Butler.
Robert instructed Herluin (another spelling) de Contevi lle to marry his mistress, Harlette, if he failed to return from the Crusade. Herluin did so, and they had children.
Dukes says Robert's last years were ma rked by signs of "eccentricity, if not unsoundness of mind."
AIS: Robert, Duk e of Normandy, born about 995, Normandy, France; died 2 July 1035, Nicaea, Turkey.
Davis: Robert I, the Magnificent, Duke of Normandy 1027-1035.

Sources: RC 89, 131; Kraentzler 1156, 1218, 1241, 1264, 1265, 1342 , 1350;
Coe; Dukes; AF; K & Q of Britain; Norr; A. Roots 121, 121E, 130; Franc e,
Vol. 1 (1868), by M. Guizotand Madame Guizot

Note: Robert contributed to the restoration of Henry King of France to his throne, and received from the gratitude of that monarch, the Vexin, as an additional to his patrimonial domains. In the 8th year of his reign, curiosity or devotion induced him to undertake a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, where the fatigues of the journey and the heat of the climate so impaired his consitution he died on his way home.

============================================

CHAPTER I: THE CONQUEROR
The Conqueror and His Companions
by J.R. Planche, Somerset Herald. London: Tinsley Brothers, 1874.

His father was Robert I, Duke of Normandy, styled by some "the Magnificent," from his liberalities and love of splendour; "the Jerusalemite," in consequence of his pilgrimage; and by others less courteously "the Devil," though wherefore or at what period has not been satisfactorily ascertained. From a passage in "L'Estoire de Seint ?dward le Rei," it would appear there was a tradition in the family of Rollo, of one of his descendants (Richard I?) having beaten and bound his Satanic majesty,

"E Duc Richard de'apres li vint,
Ki li diable ateint e tint
E le venqait e le lia."

Robert was the second son of Richard II, Duke of Normandy, by his wife Judith, daughter of Conan le Tort (the Crooked), Count of Rennes, and sister of the half blood to Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany; and it was during the lifetime of his father, and while Robert was only Count of the Hiemois, and it may be in his nonage that he first saw Herleve, Harlett, or Arlot (for it is written in all manner of ways), daughter of a burgess of Falaise, an accident the results of which were the subjugation of England and the succession of a line of kings unsurpassed for valour and power by the greatest sovereigns in Europe.


The Conqueror and His Companions
by J.R. Planche, Somerset Herald. London: Tinsley Brothers, 1874.

"... Robert's lawful marriage with Estrith, sister of Canute the Great, and widow of UIf, a distinguished Dane, who was murdered by order of his brother-in-law in 1025. Robert is said to have ill used and repudiated her, at what exact period is unknown; but he had no issue by her, which might possibly be one cause of his displeasure."

Alt. Burial:
, Nicaea, Bithynia, Turkey

Alt. Birth:
Normandy, France

Titled:
Count of the Hiemois

Titled:
Duke of Normandy (after his elder brother Richard's death)

Alt. Death:
, Nicea, Bithynia, Turkey

Family/Spouse: Tanners Daughter. Tanners and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Robert married Herleve (Arlette) Of FALAISE, Officer Of The Household about 1023 in France - Not Married. Herleve (daughter of Fulbert De FALAISE and Doda Princess Of SCOTLAND) was born in 1012 in Falaise, Calvados, France; died in 1050 in Normandie (Normandy), France; was buried in Abbey Of Grestain, Sainte Marie Eglise, Mortaigne, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Robert married Estrith (Margaret) Of Denmark in 1031. Estrith and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9R45-61
• _UID: AB4AE1A3090948E78D64052FE6ED7659812A

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Other Events:

• _UID: 90B3E7DBB9264637BAE0113883B833D58714

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Other Events:

• AFN: JKQJ-TH
• Name: Frederina (Frasenda Fredesende) Of NORMANDY
• Name: Fresende Of NORMANDY
• _UID: DC38E9B436454D9E8EE524CAFDC1D4020C57
• Alt. Birth: Abt 980, Normandie (Normandy), France; Alt. Birth
• Alt. Birth: Abt 995; Alt. Birth

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Fr?sende married about 1020. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• Name: Mauger Archbishop Of ROUEN
• _UID: 7B0F8EF2D11F48939F44B39CC906EB6F3048

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Titled:
Archev?que (Archbishop) de Rouen

Other Events:

• _UID: F69F274DE68D4427885D128E3DF30EAD572D

Other Events:

• _UID: E73C995B6CAA4703BE3A775381FD82B7F0D5

Other Events:

• _UID: 857DC5C055CD42BF8720BB9A35C7E926B1DC

Other Events:

• AFN: B19R-RG
• _UID: 235E32F23F5241D49AC55E97B1E1D63C43D9

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Other Events:

• AFN: B19R-SM
• Name: The Confessor
• _UID: D82A126C78704ABDAC95299630EA02CD580D

Notes:

In 1042 Edward 'the Confessor' became King. As the surviving son of Ethelred and his second wife, Emma, he was a half-brother of Hardicanute. With few rivals (Canute's line was extinct and Edward's only male relatives were two nephews in exile), Edward was undisputed King; the threat of usurpation by the King of Norway rallied the English and Danes in allegiance to Edward. Brought up in exile in Normandy, Edward lacked military ability or reputation. His Norman sympathies caused tensions with one of Canute's most powerful earls, Godwin of Wessex, whose daughter, Edith, Edward married in 1045 (the marriage was childless).

These tensions resulted in the crisis of 1050-52, when Godwin assembled an army to defy Edward. With reinforcements from the earls of Mercia and Northumberland, Edward banished Godwin from the country and sent Queen Edith from court. Edward used the opportunity to appoint Normans to places at court, and as sheriffs at local level. William, Duke of Normandy may have been designated heir. However, the hostile reaction to this increased Norman influence brought Godwin back. Edward subsequently formed a closer alliance with Godwin's son Harold, who led the army as the King's deputy (he defeated a Welsh incursion in 1055) and whom Edward may have named as heir on his deathbed.

Warding off political threats, England during the last 15 years of Edward's reign was relatively peaceful. Prosperity was rising as agricultural techniques improved and the population rose to around one million. Taxation was comparatively light, as Edward was not an extravagant king and lived off the revenues of his own lands (approximately ?5,500 a year) - nor did he have to pay for expensive military campaigns. Deeply religious, Edward was responsible for building Westminster Abbey (in the Norman style) and he was buried there after his death in 1066.


Source: lorenfamily.com

Edward married on 23 Jan 1044-1045. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• AFN: V9SZ-BP
• Name: Goda Princess Of ENGLAND
• _UID: 5F5D667F392049C497D59FA9745B7BC5CA62
• Alt. Birth: Abt 1005; Alt. Birth
• Alt. Death: 1055; Alt. Death

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Alt. Birth:
Wessex, England

Goda married Dreux (Drogo) Count Of AMIENS about 1020 in England. Dreux (son of Gauthier I Comte D'amiens Et Vexin De VALOIS and Adele (Alix) De SENLIS) was born about 980 in Vexin, Normandie, France; died in 1035. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• AFN: FC3L-KW
• Name: Ingelric Of ENGLAND
• Name: The Saxon
• _UID: D37ECEA4C63F44E9A89F7EBC9FA23BFAEC0B

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Other Events:

• AFN: 9HNQ-CB
• Name: The Elder
• Name: Walter GIFFARD
• _UID: 18110EE280964364866D8A22978BDE4DC268

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Titled:
Earl of Buckingham

Occupation:
Earl of Buckingham

Walter married about 1030. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• AFN: 9HNQ-DH
• _UID: 9D5E4D334BF3493881D8D88391DA86311084

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Other Events:

• Name: Elias I Lord Of Brimsfield De BOLEBEC
• Name: Elis GIFFARD
• _UID: 4C408CCCD1F245B697FC3B2C7BBC3C1B2A5B
• Alt. Birth: Abt 1072; Alt. Birth

Notes:

Named in 1090, in the chartulary of St. Peter of Gloucester, and with his wife Ala and his son Helias, appears in 1121 in the same chartulary. Dead by 1130 when his son paid 100 marks for his relief [PR, 31 Henry I]

According to the Gloucestershire Assize Roll, 5 Henry III [1221], an Elias Giffard of Brimsfield was sued by the Abbot of Cirencester for erecting a gallows at Brimsfield. which the Abbot claimed to be within his liberty. Elias Giffard defended his right to have a gallows, and stated that a certain Osbert Giffard, his ancester, who came at the Conquest of England, had held the Manor of Brimesfield, with a right of gallows, and had hanged thieves there, and after him Elias his son had had the same liberty and had hanged thieves there, and after him Elias the son of the said Elias and the father of the defendant, had held the same liberty and had hanged a thief there in the reign of King Henry, the King's grandfather. Elias, the defendant in this suit, died in 33 Henry III [1249], leaving a son John, aged 16 years. Cf. Wrottesley (Giffards, pp. 7. 8). who shows that the defendant in this suit, Elias Giffard, omitted the name of one of his ancestors, another Elias, and that there were four Eliases between Osbert and John.

Alt. Birth:
Brimsfield, Gloucestershire, England

Elias married Ala D' EVEREAUX about 1099. Ala (daughter of Edward D' EVEREAUX) was born about 1080 in Brimsfield, Gloucestershire, England; and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• Affiliation: ; House of Normandy
• Alt. Burial: Alt. Burial
• Alt. Death: Alt. Death
• Cause of Death: ; killed near Rouen, France by his plunging horse while quelling revolt. Fatal fall from a horse, died of a burst bowel. While jumping a trench on horseback, his stomach was forced onto the pommel.
• FamilySearch ID: 9H17-VTZ
• TitleOfNobility: ; I King of England Duke of Normandy William the Conqueror
• Name: Guillaume I "Le Conquerant" De NORMANDIE
• Name: The Conqueror
• Name: William 'THE CONQUEROR'
• Name: William I "The Conqueror" King Of ENGLAND
• Name: William I "The Conqueror" Of NORMANDY
• Name: William the Bastard
• Residence: Saint-?tienne de Caen, France
• _UID: 7F18D931CDD74ADAB21837E499799B837E98
• Alt. Birth: 14 Oct 1024; Alt. Birth
• TitleOfNobility: Between 1035 and 1087; Duke Of Normandy
• MilitaryService: 14 Oct 1066, Sussex, England; Commander of the Norman Army at the Battle of Hastings
• Coronation: 25 Dec 1066, Westminster, Middlesex, England

Notes:

William I (of England), called The Conqueror (1024-1087), first Norman king of England (1066-1087), who has been called one of the first modern kings and is generally regarded as one of the outstanding figures in western European history. Born in Falaise, France, William was the illegitimate son of Robert I, duke of Normandy, and Arletta, a tanner's daughter, and is therefore sometimes called William the Bastard. Upon the death of his father, the Norman nobles, honoring their promise to Robert, accepted William as his successor. Rebellion against the young duke broke out almost immediately, however, and his position did not become secure until 1047 when, with the aid of Henry I, king of France, he won a decisive victory over a rebel force near Caen. During a visit in 1051 to his childless cousin, Edward the Confessor, king of England, William is said to have obtained Edward's agreement that he should succeed to the English throne. In 1053, defying a papal ban, William married Matilda of Flanders, daughter of Baldwin V, count of Flanders and a descendant of King Alfred the Great, thereby strengthening his claim to the crown of England. Henry I, fearing the strong bond between Normandy (Normandie) and Flanders resulting from the marriage, attempted in 1054 and again in 1058 to crush the powerful duke, but on both occasions William defeated the French king's forces. About 1064, the powerful English noble, Harold, earl of Wessex, was shipwrecked on the Norman coast and taken prisoner by William. He secured his release by swearing to support William's claim to the English throne. When King Edward died, however, the witenagemot (royal council) elected Harold king. Determined to make good his claim, William secured the sanction of Pope Alexander II for a Norman invasion of England. The duke and his army landed at Pevensey on September 28, 1066. On October 14, the Normans defeated the English forces at the celebrated Battle of Hastings, in which Harold was slain. William then proceeded to London, crushing the resistance he encountered on the way. On Christmas Day he was crowned king of England in Westminster Abbey. The English did not accept foreign rule without a struggle. William met the opposition, which was particularly violent in the north and west, with strong measures; he was responsible for the devastation of great areas of the country, particularly in Yorkshire, where Danish forces had arrived to aid the Saxon rebels. By 1070 the Norman conquest of England was complete. William invaded Scotland in 1072 and forced the Scottish king Malcolm III MacDuncan to pay him homage. During the succeeding years the Conqueror crushed insurrections among his Norman followers, including that incited in 1075 by Ralph de Guader, 1st earl of Norfolk, and Roger Fitzwilliam, earl of Hereford, and a series of uprisings in Normandy led by his eldest son Robert, who later became Robert II, duke of Normandy.

BIOGRAPHY: Acceded: 25 Dec 1066 Reigned 1066-1087. Duke of Normandy 1035-1087. Invaded England defeated and killed his rival Harold at the Battle of Hastings and became King. The Norman conquest of England was completed by 1072 aided by the establishment of feaudalism under which his followers were granted land in return for pledges of service and loyalty. As King William was noted for his efficient if harsh rule. His administration relied upon Norman and other foreign personnell especially Lanfranc Archbishop of Canterbury. In 1085 started Domesday Book.

William I (c. 1028 ? 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first Norman monarch of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 1087. By 1060, following a long struggle to establish his throne, his hold on Normandy was secure. In 1066, following the death of Edward the Confessor, William invaded England, leading an army of Normans to victory over the Anglo-Saxon forces of Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings, and suppressed subsequent English revolts in what has become known as the Norman Conquest. The rest of his life was marked by struggles to consolidate his hold over England and his continental lands, and by difficulties with his eldest son, Robert Curthose.

William was the son of the unmarried Duke Robert I of Normandy and his mistress Herleva. His illegitimate status and his youth caused some difficulties for him after he succeeded his father, as did the anarchy which plagued the first years of his rule. During his childhood and adolescence, members of the Norman aristocracy battled each other, both for control of the child duke, and for their own ends. In 1047, William was able to quash a rebellion and begin to establish his authority over the duchy, a process that was not complete until about 1060. His marriage in the 1050s to Matilda of Flanders provided him with a powerful ally in the neighbouring county of Flanders. By the time of his marriage, William was able to arrange the appointment of his supporters as bishops and abbots in the Norman church. His consolidation of power allowed him to expand his horizons, and he secured control of the neighbouring county of Maine by 1062.
In the 1050s and early 1060s, William became a contender for the throne of England held by the childless Edward the Confessor, his first cousin once removed. There were other potential claimants, including the powerful English earl Harold Godwinson, whom Edward named as king on his deathbed in January 1066. Arguing that Edward had previously promised the throne to him and that Harold had sworn to support his claim, William built a large fleet and invaded England in September 1066. He decisively defeated and killed Harold at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066. After further military efforts, William was crowned king on Christmas Day, 1066, in London. He made arrangements for the governance of England in early 1067 before returning to Normandy. Several unsuccessful rebellions followed, but William's hold was mostly secure on England by 1075, allowing him to spend the majority of his reign in continental Europe.

William's final years were marked by difficulties in his continental domains, troubles with his son, Robert, and threatened invasions of England by the Danes. In 1086, he ordered the compilation of the Domesday Book, a survey listing all the land-holdings in England along with their pre-Conquest and current holders. He died in September 1087 while leading a campaign in northern France, and was buried in Caen. His reign in England was marked by the construction of castles, settling a new Norman nobility on the land, and change in the composition of the English clergy. He did not try to integrate his various domains into one empire but continued to administer each part separately. His lands were divided after his death: Normandy went to Robert, and England went to his second surviving son, William Rufus.
...
One factor in William's favour was his marriage to Matilda of Flanders, the daughter of Count Baldwin V of Flanders. The union was arranged in 1049, but Pope Leo IX forbade the marriage at the Council of Rheims in October 1049. The marriage nevertheless went ahead some time in the early 1050s, possibly unsanctioned by the pope.
...
Family and children
William and his wife Matilda had at least nine children. The birth order of the sons is clear, but no source gives the relative order of birth of the daughters.

1. Robert was born between 1051 and 1054, died 10 February 1134. Duke of Normandy, married Sybilla, daughter of Geoffrey, Count of Conversano.
2. Richard was born before 1056, died around 1075.
3. William was born between 1056 and 1060, died 2 August 1100. King of England, killed in the New Forest.
4. Henry was born in late 1068, died 1 December 1135. King of England, married Edith, daughter of Malcolm III of Scotland. His second wife was Adeliza of Louvain.
5. Adeliza (or Adelida, Adelaide) died before 1113, reportedly betrothed to Harold Godwinson, probably a nun of Saint L?ger at Pr?aux.
6. Cecilia (or Cecily) was born before 1066, died 1127, Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen.
7. Matilda was born around 1061, died perhaps about 1086. Mentioned in Domesday Book as a daughter of William.
8. Constance died 1090, married Alan IV, Duke of Brittany.
9. Adela died 1137, married Stephen, Count of Blois.
10. (Possibly) Agatha, the betrothed of Alfonso VI of Le?n and Castile.

There is no evidence of any illegitimate children born to William.

Death
William led an expedition against the French Vexin in July 1087. While seizing Mantes, William either fell ill or was injured by the pommel of his saddle. He was taken to the priory of Saint Gervase at Rouen, where he died on 9 September 1087.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_the_Conqueror

Also substantiated by "The White Ship" by Charles Spencer, published 2020, pg 30-31.

PONS (-[before Oct 1066]). No information is known about Pons other than his name, which appears in the patronymics attributed to his five sons. It is assumed that he lived in Normandy. His absence from the Norman primary sources which have so far been consulted in the preparation of this document suggests that he was of lowly birth. His absence from English records suggests that he died before the Norman invasion in England in 1066. m ---. The name of Pons?s wife is not known. Pons & his wife had [six] children:
Walter
Drogo
Richard
Simon
Osbern
High
From Geni.com




Alt. Burial:
Abbaye de St Etienne, Caen, Normandie

Alt. Death:
Hermenbraville, Rouen, Normandie

Titled:
King of England

Titled:
Duke of Normandy

Unknown-Begin:
1066-1087

Alt. Birth:
Falaise, Normandie

William married Countess Matilda LE CHAUVRE, Queen Of England in 1050 in Castle Of, Angi, Normandy, France. Matilda (daughter of Count Baldwin (Baudouin) V FLANDERS and Princess Adele (Alix) De FRANCE) was born on 24 Nov 1031 in Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France; died on 2 Nov 1083 in Caen, Calvados, France; was buried in Eglise DE La Sainte Trinitbe, Caen, Normandie. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

William married Maud PEVEREL about 1053. Maud and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• _UID: D64BC3075FB84736B02D3A140216586A84B1

Family/Spouse: Enguerrand II. Enguerrand (son of Count Hugh II Of Ponthieu and Bertha D'AUMALE, Heiress Of Aumale) was born about 980; died in 1053 in Siege Of Arques. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• _UID: 0A60851DDC7949A2832CEF0D802307F596A1

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Relationship (J,M&L):
31st Great-grandparent

Other Events:

• Name: Adele D' AMEINS
• _UID: 16C668EA59B344499054CF22FD80BB61353D

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Adele married about 1037 in Boves, Somme, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• _UID: 76ECCF2E68B74763930CE27549760207E6EC

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Titled:
Count of Amiens

Other Events:

• AFN: V9SX-PG
• Name: Ralph "The Staller" De EWYAS
• Name: Ralph "The Staller" Earl Of HEREFORD
• Name: Ralph D' AMIENS
• Name: Ralph Earl Of HEREFORD
• Name: The Staller
• _UID: 39C168A3E73245DBB156CC038EFE72E3F5E7
• Alt. Birth: Bef 1011; Alt. Birth
• Alt. Birth: Abt 1026; Alt. Birth
• Alt. Death: Aft Feb 1067-1068; Alt. Death
• Alt. Burial: Bef Apr 1070; Alt. Burial

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Titled:
Earl of Hereford

Alt. Birth:
, Of, Brittany, France

Alt. Birth:
Of, Herefordshire, England

Ralph married Gytha CLOPA about 1041 in Of, Norfolk, England. Gytha (daughter of Osgood CLOPA) was born about 1023 in ; and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]