King Robert BRUCE, I of Scottland

Other Events:

• Affiliation: ; House of Bruce
• FamilySearch ID: LDQR-3KB
• Name: Robert
• Name: Robert DE BRUSEE
• _UID: A97732FB4B174FBFB1F7FAB0B3C55C90734A
• Occupation: Between 1298 and 1300; Guardian of the Kingdom of Scotland (Regent)
• TitleOfNobility: 1302; After submitting to Edward I in 1302 and returning to "the king's peace", Robert inherited his family's claim to the Scottish throne upon his father's death.
• FORFITED HIS ENGLISH ESTATES AND TITLES: 20 Feb 1306; On 20 February 1306, Robert Bruce forfeited his English estates by order of Edward I King of England.
• CORONATION - CROWNED TWICE: 25 Mar 1306, Old Scone, Perthshire, Scotland; After declaring himself King of Scots, with the support of the majority of Scotland's nobility, Robert I was crowned at Scone by Bishop William de Lamberton on 25 March 1306. However, the Earls of Fife claimed the right to crown the king and had arrived t
• MilitaryService: 19 Jun 1306, Methven, Perthshire, Scotland; After defeat at the Battle of Methven on 19 June 1306, Robert Bruce headed west to the mountains,

Notes:

On 25 March 1306, Robert the Bruce was chosen to be King of Scots and to lead the fight for Scottish independence against Edward I of England. Born in 1274 in Ayr, the son of Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick, he was the grandson of the Robert Bruce who had been one of the competitors for the throne after the death of the Maid of Norway. Robert I had been on the English side when Edward moved against Balliol, but he had subsequently joined Wallace's revolt. When Wallace gave up the Guardianship of Scotland in 1298, Robert became joint Guardian with Sir John Comyn of Badenoch (Balliol's nephew). A few weeks before his coronation, Robert killed his greatest rival for the crown - his joint Guardian - in a Dumfries church, during the last of many arguments between them. For this murder, Robert was outlawed by Edward I and excommunicated by Pope Clement V. His reign did not begin well. He was defeated by the English at Methven in Perthshire; his wife, daughter and sisters were imprisoned; and three of his brothers were executed by the English. Robert fled westward to the Antrim coast. (The story of Robert drawing inspiration from a persistent spider mending its web in a cave dates from the sixteenth century.) However, he possessed real military genius and he was helped by the fact that in 1307 Edward I, the self-styled 'Hammer of the Scots', died and was succeeded by his less effective son Edward II. From 1307 onwards, with energy and determination, Robert waged highly successful guerrilla warfare against the English occupiers, establishing control north of the Forth, and gradually won back his kingdom; by 1314, Stirling was the only castle in English hands. His campaign culminated in resounding victory over Edward II (whose larger army of 20,000 outnumbered Robert's forces by three to one) at the Battle of Bannockburn, near Stirling on 24 June 1314. Bannockburn confirmed the re-establishment of an independent Scottish monarchy. Two years later, his brother and heir presumptive, Edward Bruce, was inaugurated as High King of Ireland (which increased pressure on the English), but was killed in battle in 1318. Even after Bannockburn, and the Scottish capture of Berwick in 1318, Edward II refused to give up his claim to the overlordship of Scotland, and so in 1320 the Scottish Earls, Barons and the 'community of the realm' sent a letter to Pope John XXII declaring that Robert I was their rightful monarch. This 'Declaration of Arbroath' has become perhaps the most famous document in Scottish history. The Declaration asserted the antiquity of the Scottish people and their monarchy: '...we gather from the deeds and books of the ancients, that among other distinguished nations our own nation, namely of Scots, has been marked by many distinctions. It journeyed from Greater Scythia by the Tyrrenhian Sea and the Pillars of Hercules, and dwelt for a long span of time in Spain among the most savage peoples, but nowhere could it be subjugated by any people, however barbarous. From there it came, twelve hundred years after the people of Israel crossed the Red Sea and, having first driven out the Britons and altogether destroyed the Picts, it acquired, with many victories and untold efforts, the places which it now holds ... As the histories of old time bear witness, it has held them free of all servitude ever since. In their kingdom one hundred and thirteen kings of their own royal stock have reigned, the line unbroken by a single foreigner.' The Declaration also had a stark warning for Robert: 'were he to desist from what he has undertaken and be willing to subject us or our kingdom to the king of the English or the English, we would strive to expel him forthwith as our enemy and as a subverter of right, his own and ours, and make someone else our king who is equal to the task of defending us.' In 1324, the Pope recognised Robert as king of an independent Scotland. Two years later, the Franco-Scottish alliance was renewed in the Treaty of Corbeil, by which the Scots were obliged to make war on England should hostilities break out between England and France. In 1327, the English deposed Edward II in favour of his son Edward III and peace was then made between Scotland and England with the treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton, which began with England's total renunciation of all claims to superiority over Scotland. Robert had achieved all he had fought for: ejecting the English, re-establishing peace and gaining recognition as the true king. By that time, King Robert was seriously ill, probably with leprosy, and he died at Cardross, Dunbartonshire on 7 June 1329, aged 54. A few days later, in response to an earlier request by him, the Pope granted permission for kings of Scots to be anointed at their coronation (Scottish kings had previously been enthroned in a mainly secular ceremony at Scone). This was a clear acknowledgement that the Pope recognised Scotland's independence.

Family/Spouse: Elisabeth De BURGH. Elisabeth was born in 1284; died on 26 Oct 1327. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Robert married Isabel (Matilda) De MAR about 1295 in 1st Wife. Isabel (daughter of Earl Donald Of MAR, Sir Knight and Helen Verch LLEWELYN) was born on 11 Jul 1277 in Kildrummy, Aberdeenshire, Scotland; was christened in 1278 in Kildrummy, Aberdeenshire, Scotland; died on 12 Dec 1296 in Cardross, Dunbartonshire, Scotland; was buried on 12 Dec 1296 in Paisley Abbey, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: L7X2-GGQ

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: GJR5-8LR
• _UID: 68C8CB738DA740C1A8B52D834CC35C2C4768

Family/Spouse: Thomas De ISSAC. Thomas was born about 1306; and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: L77B-P3B

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: GMN5-PBV
• _UID: BFDBE0687F9046FC8D6F7AC01254FFB4820C

Family/Spouse: Sir Robert Walter Of Aberdalgy OLIPHANT. Robert (son of Sir William Of Aberdalgy OLIPHANT) was born about 1313 in Dunfermline Abbey, Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland; died about 1378. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: 9W7C-NP3

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: L77B-GXX

Other Events:

• Clan: ; Clan Bruce
• FamilySearch ID: LDQR-9B8
• Name: Marjorie BRUCE -
• _UID: DDB76C26788E4CB894D438006DA3672E75DE
• ENGLISH CAPTIVE FOR 8 YEARS: Between 1306 and 1314, Watton Abbey, Watton, Norfolk, England; Captured by the English in 1306 at age 9, Marjorie was held captive at Watton Abbey until 1314.
• Cause of Death: Oct 1317, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland; DIED AFTER FALLING FROM A HORSE DURING HER SECOND PREGNANCY

Notes:

Marjorie Bruce was the oldest child of Robert I, King of Scotland, also known as Robert the Bruce, and his first wife Isabella of Mar. She was born in December of 1296 and her mother died 12 December, 1296 shortly after giving birth. Marjorie was named after her paternal grandmother, Marjorie, Countess of Carrick, who had died 4 years before.

In March of 1306 Scotland was in the midst of the First War of Scottish Independence with England when Marjorie's father Robert the Bruce was crowned King of Scotland. "The Bruce" suffered a defeat at the Battle of Methven and sent Marjorie, her step-mother Elizabeth, and her 2 aunts Mary and Christina North for safety. Unfortunately, they were captured by the English along with Isabella MacDuff. All the men captured were executed including Marjorie's Uncle Niall who was hanged, drawn and quartered and then beheaded. Marjorie's step-mother Elizabeth was deemed a valuable hostage and sent to the Tower of London. Her Aunt Christina, whose husband was just executed, was imprisoned at the convent at Sixhills. Mary Bruce and Isabella MacDuff were imprisoned separately in wooden cages and hung outside the castles of Roxburgh and Berwick, exposed to public view and the elements for 4 long years. A cage was built outside the Tower of London for 9 year old Marjorie but English King Edward I reconsidered and sent her to the convent in Watton instead. Marjorie would remain an English captive until 1314 when she was finally released, exchanged for English prisoners, at the age of 17. Robert the Bruce could not accompany his wife and daughter home himself, he would have been a rich prize for the English, however, he sent Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland, to escort them home.

Scotland was free and King Robert the Bruce was at the height of his power. Not wanting to leave Scotland without a clear ruler, as had happened previously after the death of Alexander III and Margaret the Maid of Norway, on April 25 1315 Parliament agreed that if King Robert I, and his brother Edward de Brus, both died without male issue then Marjory de Brus would inherit the throne of Scotland. King Robert I was the most powerful man in Scotland, and now Marjory was the most important woman in Scotland.
Shortly after this Marjorie married the 2nd most powerful man in Scotland, Walter Stewart, High Steward of Scotland. The man who had accompanied her back home from her captivity the year before.

Marjorie and Walter welcomed a son Robert Stuart on March 2 1316. Robert would grow up to become Robert II King of Scotland. Unfortunately, Marjorie would not live to see it. Some historical sources tell us that Marjorie died giving birth to her only son. That she was thrown from a horse while heavily pregnant, and that the baby was delivered safely but Marjorie died. More modern research now indicates that the facts were a little confused. Marjorie did die after a fall from a horse while pregnant, however, it was in October 1317 during her 2nd pregnancy, and both mother and child died. Marjory was buried at Paisley Abbey, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland.

Like her own mother, Isabella, Marjorie died young, leaving behind a single young motherless child. Robert would not grow up an only child, however, his father married a 2nd time, to Isabel de Graham, and they gave Robert 3 younger siblings.

Marjorie's marriage to Walter, High Steward of Scotland united Clan Stewart and the royal House of Bruce. Her son Robert II was the first Stewart monarch, through him she was the ancestress of a long line of royalty including Mary Queen of Scots and Bonnie Prince Charlie.

Princess Marjorie, the only daughter of King Robert I of Scotland by his first wife Isabella of Mar. Marjorie died in March 1316 giving birth to their only child:[11]
King Robert II of Scotland (born 1316-died 1390), the first monarch of the House of Stewart who reigned as King of Scotland from 1371 to his death in 1390.

Marjory married Walter STEWART in 1315 in Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland. Walter (son of James STEWART and Egidia (Giles) De BURGH) was born in 1296 in Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland; was christened in 1296 in Dundonald Castle, Kyle, AYR, Scotland; died on 9 Apr 1326 in Bathgate Castle, Bathgate, Linlithgow, Scotland; was buried on 19 Apr 1327 in Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• _UID: 967F3E0AAE454B48B202A248F7F38F464037

Family/Spouse: John Macalan De ERGADIA. John was born about 1371; and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• _UID: AA568ED200044977B2EB9155FA885DD85E6B

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: G93M-9TV
• _UID: 49FB6D5B3C3E45978E23EA9A93087CE39177

Family/Spouse: Mary ERSKINE. Mary (daughter of Robert ERSKINE) was born about 1326 in Aberdalgie, Gask, Perthshire, Scotland; and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• Affiliation: ; House of Stewart - Founder
• FamilySearch ID: LHW6-FV7
• TitleOfNobility: ; Grandson of Robert, The Bruce, 1st Monarch of the House of Stewart, 15 issue, succeeded his uncle King David II)
• TitleOfNobility: ; King of Scotland, Guardian of Scotland, High Steward of Scotland, Earl of Atholl, Earl of Strathearn
• Name: Robert STEWART
• Name: Robert STEWART
• Religion: ; Roman Catholic
• Restored to The Line of Succession: Jul 1326, Cambuskenneth Abbey, Stirlingshire, Scotland; David Bruce became heir to the throne of Scotland upon his birth on 5 March 1324, displacing his nephew from the line of succession. However, 2 heirs are better than only one, and the death of David's twin brother John reminded everyone how fragile baby's
• DUNDONALD CASTLE: 1371, Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland; Robert Stewart built Dundonald Castle in 1371, probably to mark his accession to the throne as Robert II, and as a safe place for his family to live.
• Ascension to Throne: 22 Feb 1371
• TitleOfNobility: Between 22 Feb 1371 and 19 Apr 1390; 35th King of Scotland - reigned for 19 years

Notes:

Robert II (2 March 1316 ? 19 April 1390) was King of Scots from 1371 to his death in 1390. He was the first monarch of the House of Stewart as the son of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland, and of Marjorie Bruce, daughter of the Scottish king Robert the Bruce by his first wife Isabella of Mar.

In 1336, he first married Elizabeth Mure, daughter of Sir Adam Mure of Rowallan. The marriage was criticized for being uncanonical, so he remarried her in 1349 after receiving a papal dispensation in 1347.
From this union, ten children reached adulthood:
- John, who became King of Scotland as Robert III, married Anabella Drummond.
- Walter, husband of Isabella MacDuff, Countess of Fife.
- Robert, Earl of Fife and Duke of Albany, married Margaret Graham, Countess of Menteith, and 2nd Muriella Keith.
- Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan, "The Wolf of Badenoch", married Euphemia of Ross.
- Margaret, married John of Islay, Lord of the Isles.
- Marjorie, married John Dunbar, Earl of Moray, then Sir Alexander Keith.
- Elizabeth married Thomas de la Hay, Lord High Constable of Scotland.
- Isabella, married James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas, and 2nd John Edmonstone of Edmonstone.
- Johanna (Jean), married Sir John Keith, then 2nd John Lyon, Lord of Glamis and 3rd Sir James Sandilands.
- Katherine, married Sir Robert Logan of Grugar and Restalrig, Lord High Admiral of Scotland.

In 1355, Robert married his second wife Euphemia de Ross, daughter of Hugh, Earl of Ross. They had four children:
- David Stewart, Earl of Strathearn, born about 1356 and died in 1389.
- Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl, born about 1360, beheaded at Edinburgh in 1437 for being involved in the assassination of King James I.
- Elizabeth, married in 1380 David Lindsay, 1st Earl of Crawford.
- Egidia, married William Douglas of Nithsdale.


[Information added by OldeBruce in April 2022:
Edward Bruce, younger brother of Robert the Bruce, was named heir to the throne but he died without legitimate children on 3 December 1318 in a battle near Dundalk in Ireland. Marjorie by this time had died in a riding accident ? probably in 1317. Parliament decreed her infant son, Robert Stewart, as heir presumptive, but this lapsed on 5 March 1324 on the birth of a son, David, to King Robert and his second wife, Elizabeth de Burgh. Robert Stewart inherited the title of High Steward of Scotland on his father's death on 9 April 1326, and a Parliament held in July 1326 confirmed the young Steward as heir should Prince David die without a successor. In 1329 King Robert I died and the six-year-old David succeeded to the throne with Sir Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray appointed Guardian of Scotland.

Edward Balliol, son of King John Balliol, assisted by the English and Scottish nobles disinherited by Robert I, invaded Scotland inflicting heavy defeats on the Bruce party on 11 August 1332 at Dupplin Moor and Halidon Hill on 19 July 1333. Robert fought at Halidon, where his uncle and former guardian, Sir James Stewart, was killed. Following this battle, Robert's lands in the west were given by Balliol to his supporter David Strathbogie, the titular Earl of Atholl. Robert took refuge in the fortress of Dumbarton Castle in the Clyde estuary to join his uncle, King David. In May 1334 David escaped to France leaving Robert and John Randolph, 3rd Earl of Moray as joint Guardians of the kingdom. Robert succeeded in regaining his lands but following Randolph's capture by the English in July 1335, his possessions were once again targeted by the forces of Balliol and King Edward III of England. This may have persuaded Robert to submit to Balliol and the English king and may explain his removal as Guardian by September 1335. The Guardianship transferred to Sir Andrew Murray of Bothwell but following his death in 1338 Robert was re-appointed and retained the office until King David returned from France in June 1341. Robert accompanied David into battle at Neville's Cross on 17 October 1346 but he and Patrick Dunbar, Earl of March escaped or fled the field and David was taken prisoner. In October 1357, the king was ransomed for 100,000 marks to be paid in installments over ten years.

Robert joined a rebellion against David in 1363 but submitted to him following a threat to his right of succession. In 1364, David presented a proposal to Parliament that would cancel the remaining ransom debt if it was agreed that a Plantagenet heir would inherit the Scottish throne should he die without issue. This was rejected and Robert succeeded to the throne at the age of 55 following David's unexpected death in 1371. England still controlled large sectors in the Lothians and in the border country so King Robert allowed his southern earls to engage in actions in the English zones to regain their territories, halted trade with England and renewed treaties with France. By 1384, the Scots had re-taken most of the occupied lands, but following the commencement of Anglo-French peace talks, Robert was reluctant to commit Scotland to all-out war and obtained Scotland's inclusion in the peace treaty. Robert's peace strategy was a factor in the virtual coup in 1384 when he lost control of the country, first to his eldest son, John, Earl of Carrick, afterwards King Robert III, and then from 1388 to John's younger brother, Robert, Earl of Fife, afterwards the first Duke of Albany. Robert II died in Dundonald Castle in 1390 and was buried at Scone Abbey.

Heir presumptive
Robert Stewart, born in 1316, was the only child of Walter Stewart, High Steward of Scotland and King Robert I's daughter Marjorie Bruce, who died probably in 1317 following a riding accident.[1] He had the upbringing of a Gaelic noble on the Stewart lands in Bute, Clydeside, and in Renfrew.[1] In 1315 parliament removed Marjorie's right as heir to her father in favour of her uncle, Edward Bruce.[2] Edward was killed at the Battle of Faughart, near Dundalk on 14 October 1318,[3] resulting in a hastily arranged Parliament in December to enact a new entail naming Marjorie's son, Robert, as heir should the king die without a successor.[4] The birth of a son, afterwards David II, to King Robert on 5 March 1324 cancelled Robert Stewart's position as heir presumptive, but a Parliament at Cambuskenneth in July 1326 restored him in the line of succession should David die without an heir.[2] This reinstatement of his status was accompanied by the gift of lands in Argyll, Roxburghshire and the Lothians.[5]

The first war of independence began in the reign of King John Balliol.[6] His short reign was bedeviled by Edward I's insistence on his overlordship of Scotland. The Scottish leadership concluded that only war could release the country from the English king's continued weakening of Balliol's sovereignty and so finalised a treaty of reciprocal assistance with France in October 1295.[7] The Scots forayed into England in March 1296? this incursion together with the French treaty angered the English king and provoked an invasion of Scotland taking Berwick on 30 March before defeating the Scots army at Dunbar on 27 April.[8] John Balliol submitted to Edward and resigned the throne to him before being sent to London as a prisoner. Despite this, resistance to the English led by William Wallace and Andrew Moray had emerged in the name of King John Balliol.[8] On their deaths, Robert the Bruce continued to resist the English and eventually succeeded in defeating the forces of Edward II of England and gained the Scottish throne for himself.[7]

David Bruce, aged five, became king on 7 June 1329 on the death of his father Robert. Walter the Steward had died earlier on 9 April 1327,[9] and the orphaned eleven-year-old Robert was placed under the guardianship of his uncle, Sir James Stewart of Durrisdeer,[2] who along with Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray, and William Lindsey, Archdeacon of St Andrews were appointed as joint Guardians of the kingdom.[10] David's accession kindled the second independence war which threatened Robert's position as heir.[11] In 1332 Edward Balliol, son of the deposed John Balliol, spearheaded an attack on the Bruce sovereignty with the tacit support of King Edward III of England and the explicit endorsement of 'the disinherited'.[12] Edward Balliol's forces delivered heavy defeats on the Bruce supporters at Dupplin Moor on 11 August 1332 and again at Halidon Hill on 19 July 1333, at which the 17-year-old Robert participated.[10] Robert's estates were overrun by Balliol, who granted them to David Strathbogie, titular earl of Atholl, but Robert evaded capture and gained protection at Dumbarton Castle where King David was also taking refuge.[11] Very few other strongholds remained in Scottish hands in the winter of 1333? only the castles of Kildrummy (held by Christian Bruce, elder sister of Robert I and wife of Andrew Murray of Bothwell), Loch Leven, Loch Doon, and Urquhart held out against Balliol forces.[13]

Dairsie Castle where the 1335 Parliament was held
In May 1334, the situation looked dire for the house of Bruce and David II gained safety in France. Robert set about winning back his lands in the west of Scotland.

Was in command of the second division of the Scotch Army at Halidon Hill, and was one of the few who escaped the carnage of that disastrous day. See Europ?isch Stammtafeln Band II tafel 69. There is some confusion over which daughter is which and who are their mothers which still needs some clarification.

Robert II (2 March 1316 ? 19 April 1390) was King of Scots from 1371 to his death in 1390. He was the first monarch of the House of Stewart as the son of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland, and of Marjorie Bruce, daughter of the Scottish king Robert the Bruce by his first wife Isabella of Mar.

Edward Bruce, younger brother of Robert the Bruce, was named heir presumptive but died without heirs on 3 December 1318. Marjorie Bruce had died probably in 1317 in a riding accident and parliament decreed her infant son, Robert Stewart, as heir presumptive, but this lapsed on 5 March 1324 on the birth of a son, David, to King Robert and his second wife, Elizabeth de Burgh. Robert Stewart became High Steward of Scotland on his father's death on 9 April 1327, and in the same year parliament confirmed the young Steward as heir should Prince David die without a successor. In 1329 King Robert I died and the six-year-old David succeeded to the throne under the guardianship of Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray.

Robert married Elizabeth MURE, of Rowallan in 1348 in Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland. Elizabeth (daughter of Sir Adam IV MURE, of Rowallan and Janet Mure of POKELLIE) was born on 2 Mar 1320 in Rowallan Castle, Kilmaurs, AYR, Scotland; died in 1354 in Dundonald Castle, Ayrshire, Scotland; was buried in Paisley Abbey, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Moira DE LECHE. Moira was born on 2 Mar 1320 in Kilmarnock, Ayrshire, Scotland; died in 1356 in Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland; was buried in Paisley Abbey, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Robert married Euphemia De ROSS on 2 May 1355. Euphemia (daughter of Earl Hugh De ROSS and Margaret GRAHAM) was born about 1334 in Scotland; died about 1387. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: GMR6-69W
• _UID: 215101F628294439BE10A13B48E8E1A29430

Family/Spouse: Lord John Of Lorn And Innermeath STEWART, Baron. John (son of Robert STEWART) was born about 1355; died on 26 Apr 1421. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: G4LF-XR4
• Name: John of Aberdalgy
• Name: John Oliphant
• _UID: A18B2301B60D402B8DD1999918E1221F485E

Notes:

In 1388/9 Sir John Oliphant obtained from King Robert II confirmation of a charter of all the properties and grants pertaining to his predecessors under The Great Seal of Scotland. There is a marriage contract of 1399 of Marion, daughter to Sir John Oliphant of Aberdalgy, to Robert, son of Sir Patrick Graham of Kincardine, (indicating she must have been born, say, 1383-8). Sir John Oliphant of Aberdalgy, son to Sir Walter, gave a feu charter in 1412 to Malcolm Oliphant, his brother, of the lands of Hazelhead and Mekilkeyhede in the Lordship of Giffan, Sheriffdom of Ayr, witnessed by several important personages, including Phillip and George Oliphant, whose relationships are not given. It was ratified by Sir John Montgomerie of Ardrossan, the Superior of the said lands.[1]

He married firstly a daughter of Sir William Borthwick.[2] They had the following children:

William Oliphant
Mariota Oliphant
Research Notes
Scots Peerage names only one daughter for Sir John Oliphant..Marion
The Scots Peerage : Founded On Wood's Ed. Of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage Of Scotland; Containing An Historical And Genealogical Account Of The Nobility Of That Kingdom : Paul, James Balfour, Sir, 1846-1931 : Free Download, Borrow, And Streaming : Internet Archive". 2020. Internet Archive.Marion Oliphant, Vol VI, pps 537-8
The Scots Peerage : Founded On Wood's Ed. Of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage Of Scotland; Containing An Historical And Genealogical Account Of The Nobility Of That Kingdom : Paul, James Balfour, Sir, 1846-1931 : Free Download, Borrow, And Streaming : Internet Archive". 2020. Internet Archive.Robert Graham, Vol VI, pps 214-5
The Scots Peerage : Founded On Wood's Ed. Of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage Of Scotland; Containing An Historical And Genealogical Account Of The Nobility Of That Kingdom : Paul, James Balfour, Sir, 1846-1931 : Free Download, Borrow, And Streaming : Internet Archive". 2020. Internet Archive.William Graham, Vol VI, pps 215-6
Sources
? Mentioned by Macfarlane in his "Genealogy of the Oliphants" (pps:97-124) as living during 1377-1412. Genealogical Collections concerning families in Scotland by Walter Macfarlane 1750-51, edited by James T. Clark, Keeper of the Advocates' Library, Scottish History Society, Edinburgh, 1900, vol.ii, p.102.
? Sir Robert Douglas, Bt., The Peerage of Scotland : containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom, from their origin to the present generation, Edinburgh, pubs. R Fleming, 1764, pps:76 & 526, digital images, https://archive.org/details/peerageofscotlan00doug/page/76
See also:

Family/Spouse: Lady Filia BORTHWICK. Filia (daughter of Thomas BORTHWICK and Janet FILIA BROMLEY) was born in 1351 in Gorebridge, Midlothian, Scotland; died in 1400 in Borthwick, Midlothian, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• _UID: CCE0AA691DA84EF6B92F224BD91FB826F372

Other Events:

• Clan: ; Dundonald
• FamilySearch ID: LHJT-J64
• TitleOfNobility: ; 4th Dowager, Countess of Mar & Countess of Angus, Lady Abernethyernethy
• TitleOfNobility: ; Princess of Scotland
• Residence: 1376, Kintyre and Knapdale, Argyll, Scotland; Kintyre and hall of Knapdale - settled by King Robert II on John of Iye and his wife Margaret, the King's daughter

Notes:

Margaret Stewart, also known as Princess Margaret, was the oldest daughter of King Robert II of Scotland and his 1st wife, Elizabeth Mure. She was born about 1338, long before her father became king of Scotland.

Margaret's parents married in 1336, however, because they were not married in a church the marriage was criticized as uncanonical and the children considered illegitimate. Her parents married a second time in 1349, legitimizing their 10 children. Margaret's oldest brother John Stewart, succeeded their father as king of Scotland, taking the reginal name King Robert III.

In 1350, Margaret married John of Islay, Lord of the Isles, becoming his 2nd wife. John of Islay, also known as John MacDonald, was a strong supporter of Margaret's father and had to divorce his 1st wife, Aime, before they could marry.

Margaret and John had 8 children:

- Donald (Domhnall) of Islay, Lord of the Isles, d. 1423, married Mary, daughter of Sir Walter Leslie.
- John M?r Tanister, d. 1427, married Marjorie Bisset, daughter of Sir Hugh Bisset.
- Alastair Carrach, d. c. 1440, married Mary, daughter of Malcolm, Earl of Lennox.
- Agnes, married Sir John Montgomerie of Ardrossan. They had a son, Alexander Montgomerie, 1st Lord Montgomerie.
- Hugh.,Thane of Glentilt.
- Marcus
- Mary, married Lachlan Maclean of Duart.
- Elizabeth, also known as Margaret, married Angus Du Mackay, 7th of Strathnaver.

On 22 February 1371 Margaret's father, who had been Guardian of Scotland and acting ruler for many years, became King of Scotland, according Margaret the title of Princess of Scotland.

Although Margaret's husband John had 3 sons from his first marriage, Godfrey, John and Ranald, upon his marriage to Margaret it was agreed they were to be passed over in the succession in favour of Margaret's children. Therefore, when John died in 1386, their son Donald succeeded him as Lord of the Isles.

Margaret survived her husband. She did not remarry, and is believed to have died in 1410.

Margaret married John "Iain" Islay MACDONALD, Carrach on 14 Jun 1350 in Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland. John (son of Angus MACDONALD, Og Lord Isles and dau MACHENRY, of Glencoe) was born in 1305 in Finlaggan Castle, Isle Of Islay, Argyll, Scotland; died in 1386 in Ardtornish Castle, Morven, Argyll, Scotland; was buried in 1386 in Saint Orans Chapel Cemetery, Isle Of Iona, Argyll, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LZ86-T6V
• Name: John Stewart, Earl of Carrick
• Name: Robert STEWART
• Crowned King: 14 Aug 1390, Old Scone, Perthshire, Scotland
• JAMES CAPTURED BY THE ENGLISH: 22 Mar 1406, English Channel, At Sea; Wanting him out of reach of his brother Robert, Duke of Albany, King Robert III sent his only remaining son James to safety in France, Unfortunately James was intercepted by the English and taken hostage by King Henry IV.

Notes:

Name: Born John Stewart, regnal name - Robert III, King of Scots
Father: Robert II, King of Scotland
Mother: Elizabeth Mure

King of Scotts (19 April 1390 ? 4 April 1406)
Earl of Atholl (1367 ? 1390)
Earl of Carrick (1368 ? 5 March 1390)
High Steward of Scotland (c. 1371? 1390)
Guardian of Scotland (1384 ? 1388)

House of: Stewart
Born: 1337
Ascended to the throne: April 19, 1390
Crowned: August 14, 1390 at Scone Abbey, Perthshire
Married: Annabella Drummond, 1366/7
Children: 3 sons and 4 daughters
Died: April 4, 1406, at Dundonald Castle, Ayrshire
Buried at: Paisley Abbey, Renfrewshire
Succeeded by: his son James I

Son of Robert II he was timid, retiring and badly injured following a kick from a horse. He took the name Robert because his name John was considered a bad omen after the hated John Balliol

He told his Queen that he was 'the worst of kings and most miserable of men'. The reign was beset by problems including rivalry between the Highlanders, his brothers and the lords of the isles. His brother Robert Duke of Albany may have been responsible for the death of Robert III's son David.

In 1402 the forces of Henry IV of England invaded the lowlands and following two defeats of the Scots briefly occupied Edinburgh. Robert sent his 10 year old 2nd son James to France in 1406 for safety but he was captured at sea during the journey and taken prisoner by the English. The news of his son's capture was said to have hastened the death of Robert who died shortly afterwards.
Timeline for King Robert III of Scotland
YearEvent
1390Robert III becomes king. He delegates power to his younger brother, the Earl of Fife, later the Duke of Albany
1402English defeat Scots in the Battle of Nesbit Moor and the Battle of Humbleton Hill.
1406Robert is disabled in a riding accident and his eldest son is killed possibly by the Duke of Albany.
1406Robert sends his second son to James to France but he is captured by English near Flamborough Head. James is taken to London, where Henry IV of England confines him in the Tower of London for 18 years.
1406King Robert III dies and James I ascends the throne but is not crowned until 1424 as he is a prisoner of the English.

https://www.britroyals.com/scots.asp?id=robert3

Robert married Annabella DRUMMOND, Queen of Scotland on 13 Mar 1365 in Dispensation, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland. Annabella (daughter of Sir John DRUMMOND and Mary Margaret MONTIFEX, Countess of Lennox) was born on 14 Aug 1350 in Scone, Cargill, Perthshire, Scotland; was christened in 1350 in Drymen, Stirlingshire, Scotland; died in Oct 1401 in Scone Palace, Perthshire, Scotland; was buried in Oct 1401 in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: GFJG-9YZ

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LDQR-M69

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LC79-JGG

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: L89H-F4V

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: L89H-FHD

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LHCH-KN1

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: L63C-K78

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: L1PT-9CD

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: GDNG-9XD

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: GH2Z-QS2
• _UID: 11B92B12EDE64E34A6B7DF6EC45FABA67AC3

Family/Spouse: David LINDSAY. David (son of Alexander Of Glenesk LINDSAY and Katherine STIRLING) was born about 1360; died in Feb 1405. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: L5TT-PL5

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: G6VX-QN5

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LTG9-2SR
• TitleOfNobility: Scotland; Princess
• Name: Egidia STEWART
• Name: Nithsdale Jill Egidia STEWART
• _UID: 1E2D39059AF047599D2494546183D4DDF1E3

Notes:

Egidia is a daughter of Robert II Stewart and Euphemia Ross.[1] She was known for her great beauty, which was so renown that the King of France was said to have offered for her hand and sent an artist to Scotland to paint her likeness. Egidia, however, fell in love with one of the most famous knights in Scotland at that time, Sir William Douglas of Nithsdale, the illegitimate son of Archibald Douglas, 3rd earl of Douglas, by an unknown mistress, and in 1387 she married him.[1][2][3][4] On their marriage, an annuity of ?300 was granted to "Douglas, and the king's daughter, Egidia" and the first of these payments appears in the Exchequer Rolls of 1388.[2]

There were two children from this marriage:[5]

William Douglas, Knt. of Nithsdale[1][5]
Giles Douglas; m(1) c.1407 Henry Sinclair, earl of Orkney;[1][5] m(2) aft. 29 Apr 1418 Alexander Stewart;[1] she succeeded her brother in the territory of Nithsdale[1]
Sir William Douglas was assassinated (probably) in 1392.[1][2] The date of Egid

Egidia married Sir William DOUGLAS in 1387 in Fordoun, Kincardineshire, Scotland. William (son of Earl Archibald "The Grim" DOUGLAS and Joan (Jean) DE MORRAY) was born about 1356 in Nithsdale, Dumfriesshire, Scotland; died in 1392 in Pomorskie, Poland; was buried in 1392 in Ayrshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]