Robert II "The Devil" Of Normandy ANGEVIN, Duke Of Normandy

Other Events:

• Alt. Burial: Alt. Burial
• FamilySearch ID: LZL3-CTY
• Name: Robert I "The Magnificent" Duke Of NORMANDY
• _UID: D61165CEEA574A27B4FD1AD5FF0E19AC3EA7
• Alt. Birth: Abt 999; Alt. Birth
• Titled: Bef 6 Aug 1028
• Titled: 6 Aug 1028
• Alt. Death: 22 Jul 1035; Alt. Death

Notes:

Robert I, by name ROBERT The MAGNIFICENT, or The DEVIL, French ROBERT le MAGNIFIQUE, or le DIABLE (d. July 1035, Nicaea), duke of Normandy (1027-35), the younger son of Richard II of Normandy and the father, by his mistress Arlette, of William the Conqueror of England. On the death of his father (1026/27), Robert contested the duchy with his elder brother Richard III, legally the heir, until the latter's opportune death a few years later.

A strong ruler, Robert succeeded in exacting the obedience of his vassals. On the death of Robert II the Pious, king of France (1031), a crisis arose over the succession to the French throne. The Duke gave his support to Henry I against the party favouring his younger brother; in reward for his services he demanded and received the Vexin Fran?ais, a territory not far north of Paris. A patron of the monastic reform movement, he died while returning from a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. [Encyclopaedia Britannica CD '97]

Sources: RC 89, 131; Kraent zler 1156, 1218, 1241, 1264, 1265, 1342, 1350;
Coe; Dukes; AF; K & Q of Britai n; Norr; A. Roots 121, 121E, 130; France,
Vol. 1 (1868), by M. Guizot and Mada me Guizot de Witt; AIS; Davis.
Roots: Robert I, Duke of Normandy. Married (Dan ish wife) Arlette (or Herleve). Left issue by this mistress.
K: Robert I "le Magnifique ou le Diable." Count d'Hieme. Duke of Normandy.
In line 1350 he cal ls him erroneously calls him Richard I.
Robert was called both "The Magnificen t" and also "Robert the Devil," because of his "reckless and violent deeds of audacity, whether in private life or in warlike expeditions."

For example the Duke of Normandy was looking out at his fortress. He saw a beautiful, tanner's daughter soaking animals skins in water. She had hiked up her skirt. The duke liked what he saw. He sent a soldier to pick her up. She said she would go to the duke's castle if she rode the soldier's horse. The soldier agreed. She borrowed a nice dress. Then rode the soldier's horse side-saddle. She and the duke had sex and the future William the Conqueror king of England was conceived.

In 1034 or 1035, after a "fair life from the political point of view, but one full of turbulence and moral irregularity" he undertook a pilgrimage, barefoot, to Jerusalem " to expiate his sins..." The Norman prelates and barons urged him not to go because they believed he might die on the pilgrimage (they were right) and he had no successor. Robert, therefore, named his bastard son, William, as his successor and prevailed upon King Henry I of France to sanction the arrangement--a decision the king was later to regret.

Guizot says Robert I was the fifth in succession from Rollo, the first ruler of Normandy. William was named after William Longsword, the son and successor
of Rollo. So the Norman reign went from Rollo, to William Longsword, Richard I, Richard II, Richard III, Robert I and William, who would become William the Conqueror and, subsequently, William I, King of England.

Richard III and Robert I were sons of Richard II, according to a chart in Butler.
Robert instructed Herluin (another spelling) de Contevi lle to marry his mistress, Harlette, if he failed to return from the Crusade. Herluin did so, and they had children.
Dukes says Robert's last years were ma rked by signs of "eccentricity, if not unsoundness of mind."
AIS: Robert, Duk e of Normandy, born about 995, Normandy, France; died 2 July 1035, Nicaea, Turkey.
Davis: Robert I, the Magnificent, Duke of Normandy 1027-1035.

Sources: RC 89, 131; Kraentzler 1156, 1218, 1241, 1264, 1265, 1342 , 1350;
Coe; Dukes; AF; K & Q of Britain; Norr; A. Roots 121, 121E, 130; Franc e,
Vol. 1 (1868), by M. Guizotand Madame Guizot

Note: Robert contributed to the restoration of Henry King of France to his throne, and received from the gratitude of that monarch, the Vexin, as an additional to his patrimonial domains. In the 8th year of his reign, curiosity or devotion induced him to undertake a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, where the fatigues of the journey and the heat of the climate so impaired his consitution he died on his way home.

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CHAPTER I: THE CONQUEROR
The Conqueror and His Companions
by J.R. Planche, Somerset Herald. London: Tinsley Brothers, 1874.

His father was Robert I, Duke of Normandy, styled by some "the Magnificent," from his liberalities and love of splendour; "the Jerusalemite," in consequence of his pilgrimage; and by others less courteously "the Devil," though wherefore or at what period has not been satisfactorily ascertained. From a passage in "L'Estoire de Seint ?dward le Rei," it would appear there was a tradition in the family of Rollo, of one of his descendants (Richard I?) having beaten and bound his Satanic majesty,

"E Duc Richard de'apres li vint,
Ki li diable ateint e tint
E le venqait e le lia."

Robert was the second son of Richard II, Duke of Normandy, by his wife Judith, daughter of Conan le Tort (the Crooked), Count of Rennes, and sister of the half blood to Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany; and it was during the lifetime of his father, and while Robert was only Count of the Hiemois, and it may be in his nonage that he first saw Herleve, Harlett, or Arlot (for it is written in all manner of ways), daughter of a burgess of Falaise, an accident the results of which were the subjugation of England and the succession of a line of kings unsurpassed for valour and power by the greatest sovereigns in Europe.


The Conqueror and His Companions
by J.R. Planche, Somerset Herald. London: Tinsley Brothers, 1874.

"... Robert's lawful marriage with Estrith, sister of Canute the Great, and widow of UIf, a distinguished Dane, who was murdered by order of his brother-in-law in 1025. Robert is said to have ill used and repudiated her, at what exact period is unknown; but he had no issue by her, which might possibly be one cause of his displeasure."

Alt. Burial:
, Nicaea, Bithynia, Turkey

Alt. Birth:
Normandy, France

Titled:
Count of the Hiemois

Titled:
Duke of Normandy (after his elder brother Richard's death)

Alt. Death:
, Nicea, Bithynia, Turkey

Family/Spouse: Tanners Daughter. Tanners and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Robert married Herleve (Arlette) Of FALAISE, Officer Of The Household about 1023 in France - Not Married. Herleve (daughter of Fulbert De FALAISE and Doda Princess Of SCOTLAND) was born in 1012 in Falaise, Calvados, France; died in 1050 in Normandie (Normandy), France; was buried in Abbey Of Grestain, Sainte Marie Eglise, Mortaigne, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Robert married Estrith (Margaret) Of Denmark in 1031. Estrith and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• Affiliation: ; House of Normandy
• Alt. Burial: Alt. Burial
• Alt. Death: Alt. Death
• Cause of Death: ; killed near Rouen, France by his plunging horse while quelling revolt. Fatal fall from a horse, died of a burst bowel. While jumping a trench on horseback, his stomach was forced onto the pommel.
• FamilySearch ID: 9H17-VTZ
• TitleOfNobility: ; I King of England Duke of Normandy William the Conqueror
• Name: Guillaume I "Le Conquerant" De NORMANDIE
• Name: The Conqueror
• Name: William 'THE CONQUEROR'
• Name: William I "The Conqueror" King Of ENGLAND
• Name: William I "The Conqueror" Of NORMANDY
• Name: William the Bastard
• Residence: Saint-?tienne de Caen, France
• _UID: 7F18D931CDD74ADAB21837E499799B837E98
• Alt. Birth: 14 Oct 1024; Alt. Birth
• TitleOfNobility: Between 1035 and 1087; Duke Of Normandy
• MilitaryService: 14 Oct 1066, Sussex, England; Commander of the Norman Army at the Battle of Hastings
• Coronation: 25 Dec 1066, Westminster, Middlesex, England

Notes:

William I (of England), called The Conqueror (1024-1087), first Norman king of England (1066-1087), who has been called one of the first modern kings and is generally regarded as one of the outstanding figures in western European history. Born in Falaise, France, William was the illegitimate son of Robert I, duke of Normandy, and Arletta, a tanner's daughter, and is therefore sometimes called William the Bastard. Upon the death of his father, the Norman nobles, honoring their promise to Robert, accepted William as his successor. Rebellion against the young duke broke out almost immediately, however, and his position did not become secure until 1047 when, with the aid of Henry I, king of France, he won a decisive victory over a rebel force near Caen. During a visit in 1051 to his childless cousin, Edward the Confessor, king of England, William is said to have obtained Edward's agreement that he should succeed to the English throne. In 1053, defying a papal ban, William married Matilda of Flanders, daughter of Baldwin V, count of Flanders and a descendant of King Alfred the Great, thereby strengthening his claim to the crown of England. Henry I, fearing the strong bond between Normandy (Normandie) and Flanders resulting from the marriage, attempted in 1054 and again in 1058 to crush the powerful duke, but on both occasions William defeated the French king's forces. About 1064, the powerful English noble, Harold, earl of Wessex, was shipwrecked on the Norman coast and taken prisoner by William. He secured his release by swearing to support William's claim to the English throne. When King Edward died, however, the witenagemot (royal council) elected Harold king. Determined to make good his claim, William secured the sanction of Pope Alexander II for a Norman invasion of England. The duke and his army landed at Pevensey on September 28, 1066. On October 14, the Normans defeated the English forces at the celebrated Battle of Hastings, in which Harold was slain. William then proceeded to London, crushing the resistance he encountered on the way. On Christmas Day he was crowned king of England in Westminster Abbey. The English did not accept foreign rule without a struggle. William met the opposition, which was particularly violent in the north and west, with strong measures; he was responsible for the devastation of great areas of the country, particularly in Yorkshire, where Danish forces had arrived to aid the Saxon rebels. By 1070 the Norman conquest of England was complete. William invaded Scotland in 1072 and forced the Scottish king Malcolm III MacDuncan to pay him homage. During the succeeding years the Conqueror crushed insurrections among his Norman followers, including that incited in 1075 by Ralph de Guader, 1st earl of Norfolk, and Roger Fitzwilliam, earl of Hereford, and a series of uprisings in Normandy led by his eldest son Robert, who later became Robert II, duke of Normandy.

BIOGRAPHY: Acceded: 25 Dec 1066 Reigned 1066-1087. Duke of Normandy 1035-1087. Invaded England defeated and killed his rival Harold at the Battle of Hastings and became King. The Norman conquest of England was completed by 1072 aided by the establishment of feaudalism under which his followers were granted land in return for pledges of service and loyalty. As King William was noted for his efficient if harsh rule. His administration relied upon Norman and other foreign personnell especially Lanfranc Archbishop of Canterbury. In 1085 started Domesday Book.

William I (c. 1028 ? 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first Norman monarch of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 1087. By 1060, following a long struggle to establish his throne, his hold on Normandy was secure. In 1066, following the death of Edward the Confessor, William invaded England, leading an army of Normans to victory over the Anglo-Saxon forces of Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings, and suppressed subsequent English revolts in what has become known as the Norman Conquest. The rest of his life was marked by struggles to consolidate his hold over England and his continental lands, and by difficulties with his eldest son, Robert Curthose.

William was the son of the unmarried Duke Robert I of Normandy and his mistress Herleva. His illegitimate status and his youth caused some difficulties for him after he succeeded his father, as did the anarchy which plagued the first years of his rule. During his childhood and adolescence, members of the Norman aristocracy battled each other, both for control of the child duke, and for their own ends. In 1047, William was able to quash a rebellion and begin to establish his authority over the duchy, a process that was not complete until about 1060. His marriage in the 1050s to Matilda of Flanders provided him with a powerful ally in the neighbouring county of Flanders. By the time of his marriage, William was able to arrange the appointment of his supporters as bishops and abbots in the Norman church. His consolidation of power allowed him to expand his horizons, and he secured control of the neighbouring county of Maine by 1062.
In the 1050s and early 1060s, William became a contender for the throne of England held by the childless Edward the Confessor, his first cousin once removed. There were other potential claimants, including the powerful English earl Harold Godwinson, whom Edward named as king on his deathbed in January 1066. Arguing that Edward had previously promised the throne to him and that Harold had sworn to support his claim, William built a large fleet and invaded England in September 1066. He decisively defeated and killed Harold at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066. After further military efforts, William was crowned king on Christmas Day, 1066, in London. He made arrangements for the governance of England in early 1067 before returning to Normandy. Several unsuccessful rebellions followed, but William's hold was mostly secure on England by 1075, allowing him to spend the majority of his reign in continental Europe.

William's final years were marked by difficulties in his continental domains, troubles with his son, Robert, and threatened invasions of England by the Danes. In 1086, he ordered the compilation of the Domesday Book, a survey listing all the land-holdings in England along with their pre-Conquest and current holders. He died in September 1087 while leading a campaign in northern France, and was buried in Caen. His reign in England was marked by the construction of castles, settling a new Norman nobility on the land, and change in the composition of the English clergy. He did not try to integrate his various domains into one empire but continued to administer each part separately. His lands were divided after his death: Normandy went to Robert, and England went to his second surviving son, William Rufus.
...
One factor in William's favour was his marriage to Matilda of Flanders, the daughter of Count Baldwin V of Flanders. The union was arranged in 1049, but Pope Leo IX forbade the marriage at the Council of Rheims in October 1049. The marriage nevertheless went ahead some time in the early 1050s, possibly unsanctioned by the pope.
...
Family and children
William and his wife Matilda had at least nine children. The birth order of the sons is clear, but no source gives the relative order of birth of the daughters.

1. Robert was born between 1051 and 1054, died 10 February 1134. Duke of Normandy, married Sybilla, daughter of Geoffrey, Count of Conversano.
2. Richard was born before 1056, died around 1075.
3. William was born between 1056 and 1060, died 2 August 1100. King of England, killed in the New Forest.
4. Henry was born in late 1068, died 1 December 1135. King of England, married Edith, daughter of Malcolm III of Scotland. His second wife was Adeliza of Louvain.
5. Adeliza (or Adelida, Adelaide) died before 1113, reportedly betrothed to Harold Godwinson, probably a nun of Saint L?ger at Pr?aux.
6. Cecilia (or Cecily) was born before 1066, died 1127, Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen.
7. Matilda was born around 1061, died perhaps about 1086. Mentioned in Domesday Book as a daughter of William.
8. Constance died 1090, married Alan IV, Duke of Brittany.
9. Adela died 1137, married Stephen, Count of Blois.
10. (Possibly) Agatha, the betrothed of Alfonso VI of Le?n and Castile.

There is no evidence of any illegitimate children born to William.

Death
William led an expedition against the French Vexin in July 1087. While seizing Mantes, William either fell ill or was injured by the pommel of his saddle. He was taken to the priory of Saint Gervase at Rouen, where he died on 9 September 1087.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_the_Conqueror

Also substantiated by "The White Ship" by Charles Spencer, published 2020, pg 30-31.

PONS (-[before Oct 1066]). No information is known about Pons other than his name, which appears in the patronymics attributed to his five sons. It is assumed that he lived in Normandy. His absence from the Norman primary sources which have so far been consulted in the preparation of this document suggests that he was of lowly birth. His absence from English records suggests that he died before the Norman invasion in England in 1066. m ---. The name of Pons?s wife is not known. Pons & his wife had [six] children:
Walter
Drogo
Richard
Simon
Osbern
High
From Geni.com




Alt. Burial:
Abbaye de St Etienne, Caen, Normandie

Alt. Death:
Hermenbraville, Rouen, Normandie

Titled:
King of England

Titled:
Duke of Normandy

Unknown-Begin:
1066-1087

Alt. Birth:
Falaise, Normandie

William married Countess Matilda LE CHAUVRE, Queen Of England in 1050 in Castle Of, Angi, Normandy, France. Matilda (daughter of Count Baldwin (Baudouin) V FLANDERS and Princess Adele (Alix) De FRANCE) was born on 24 Nov 1031 in Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France; died on 2 Nov 1083 in Caen, Calvados, France; was buried in Eglise DE La Sainte Trinitbe, Caen, Normandie. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

William married Maud PEVEREL about 1053. Maud and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• _UID: D64BC3075FB84736B02D3A140216586A84B1

Family/Spouse: Enguerrand II. Enguerrand (son of Count Hugh II Of Ponthieu and Bertha D'AUMALE, Heiress Of Aumale) was born about 980; died in 1053 in Siege Of Arques. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• _UID: 0A60851DDC7949A2832CEF0D802307F596A1

Notes:

Source: lorenfamily.com

Relationship (J,M&L):
31st Great-grandparent

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: KHFZ-VPX
• _UID: 00793F1872AD4E69BB6CD8EDC4970D100AC1

Notes:

Ancestral File Number: 8XHZ-V7

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: GX3C-ZLJ
• _UID: 628FD5342E8D43D58425DD864C25669E4E15

Notes:

Ancestral File Number: 8XHZ-WD

Other Events:

• _UID: D20012D7F5874B1289BA18DA22ADE1E05941

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: MNT4-GH4
• _UID: C4F4E001C6A644D68B1350DEAF76BAB57FCB

Notes:

Ancestral File Number: 8XHZ-XK

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: K24W-VRD
• Name: Rufus
• _UID: 1962D6BF4A034CCCB55D3B87C56B2F38E095

Notes:

Ancestral File Number: 8XHZ-ZQ

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LHBT-L3D
• _UID: 84E4F2426B254725B1D41F011D54A585D832

Notes:

Ancestral File Number: 8XJ0-11

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: KNS7-LD3
• _UID: 764303A53DC841C283B6CD4C113D0AB4C7C7

Notes:

Ancestral File Number: 8XJ0-26

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: 2CNB-WKW
• _UID: 3D544E5557CA4C8F8D159788E78ADE0A4A3F

Notes:

Ancestral File Number: 8XJ0-3C

Adaele married in 1080 in , Breteuil, Eure, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: 9HTL-1R3
• _UID: 547A4012977F4824A24963538CE284255A70

Notes:

Ancestral File Number: 8XJ0-4J

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: 9CS3-646
• Name: Henry I
• TitleOfNobility: Between 1100 and 1135; King of England
• TitleOfNobility: Between 1106 and 1120; Duke of Normandy

Notes:

BIOGRAPHY: Reigned 1100-1135, Duke of Normandy 1106-1135. His reign is notable for important legal and administrative reforms, and for the final resolution of the investiture controversy. Abroad, he waged several campaigns in order to consolidate and expand his continental possessions. Was so hated by his brothers that they vowed to disinherit him. In 1106 he captured Robert and held him til he died. He proved to be a hard but just ruler. He apparently died from over eating Lampreys.

Henry I was born in the year 1068---a factor he himself regarded as highly significant, for he was the only son of the Conqueror born after the conquest of England, and to Henry this meant he was heir to the throne. He was not an attractive proposition: he was dissolute to a degree, producing at least a score of bastards; but far worse he was prone to sadistic cruelty---on one occasion, for example, personally punishing a rebellious burgher by throwing him from the walls of his town.

At the death of William the Conqueror, Henry was left no lands, merely 5,000 pounds of silver. With these he bought lands from his elder brother Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy, only to see them taken back again a few years later by Robert, in unholy alliance with his brother William Rufus.

Henry could do little to avenge such treatment, but in England he found numerous barons who were tired of the exactions and ambitions of their king. He formed alliances with some of these, notably with the important de Clare family. He and some of the de Clares were with William Rufus on his last hunting expedition, and it is thought that the king's death was the result of Henry's plotting.

Certainly he moved fast to take advantage of it; leaving Rufus's body unattended in the woods, he swooped down on Winchester to take control of the treasury. Two days later he was in Westminster, being crowned by the Bishop of London. His speed is understandable when one realises that his elder brother, Robert [Curthose], was returning from the crusade, and claimed, with good reason, to be the true heir.

Henry showed great good sense in his first actions as King. He arrested Ranulph Flambard, William's tax-gatherer, and recalled Anselm, the exiled Archbishop. Furthermore, he issued a Charter of Liberties which promised speedy redress of grievances, and a return to the good government of the Conqueror. Putting aside for the moment his many mistresses, he married the sister of the King of Scots, who was descended from the royal line of Wessex; and lest the Norman barons should think him too pro-English in this action, he changed her name from Edith to Matilda. No one could claim that he did not aim to please.

In 1101 Robert Curthose invaded, but Henry met him at Alton, and persuaded him to go away again by promising him an annuity of ?2,000. He had no intention of keeping up the payments, but the problem was temporarily solved.

He now felt strong enough to move against dissident barons who might give trouble in the future. Chief amongst these was the vicious Robert of Bell?me, Earl of Shrewsbury, whom Henry had known for many years as a dangerous troublemaker. He set up a number of charges against him in the king's court, making it plain that if he appeared for trial he would be convicted and imprisoned. Thus Robert and his colleagues were forced into rebellion at a time not of their own choosing, were easily defeated and sent scuttling back to Normandy.

In Normandy Robert Curthose began to wreak his wrath on all connected with his brother, thus giving Henry an excellent chance to retaliate with charges of misgovernment and invade. He made two expeditions in 1104-5, before the great expedition of 1106 on which Robert was defeated at the hour-long battle of Tinchebrai, on the anniversary of Hastings. No one had expected such an easy victory, but Henry took advantage of the state of shock resulting from the battle to annex Normandy. Robert was imprisoned (in some comfort, it be said); he lived on for 28 more years, ending up in Cardiff castle whiling away the long hours learning Welsh. His son William Clito remained a free agent, to plague Henry for most of the rest of his reign.

In England the struggle with Anselm over the homage of bishops ran its course until the settlement of 1107. In matters of secular government life was more simple: Henry had found a brilliant administrator, Roger of Salisbury, to act as Justiciar for him. Roger had an inventive mind, a keen grasp of affairs, and the ability to single out young men of promise. He quickly built up a highly efficient team of administrators, and established new routines and forms of organisation within which they could work. To him we owe the Exchequer and its recording system of the Pipe Rolls, the circuits of royal justiciars spreading the king's peace, and the attempts at codification of law. Henry's good relationships with his barons, and with the burgeoning new towns owed much to skilful administration. Certainly he was able to gain a larger and more reliable revenue this way than by the crude extortion his brother had used.

In 1120 came the tragedy of the White Ship. The court was returning to England, and the finest ship in the land was filled with its young men, including Henry's son and heir William. Riotously drunk, they tried to go faster and faster, when suddenly the ship foundered. All hands except a butcher of Rouen were lost, and England was without an heir.

Henry's only legitimate child was Matilda, but she was married to the Emperor Henry V of Germany, and so could not succeed. But in 1125 her husband died, and Henry brought her home and forced the barons to swear fealty to her---though they did not like the prospect of a woman ruler. Henry then married her to Geoffrey of Anjou, the Normans' traditional enemy, and the barons were less happy---especially when the newly-weds had a terrible row, and Geoffrey ordered her out of his lands. In 1131 Henry, absolutely determined, forced the barons to swear fealty once more, and the fact that they did so is testimoney of his controlling power. Matilda and Geoffrey were reunited, and in 1133 she produced a son whom she named for his grandfather. If only Henry could live on until his grandson was old enough to rule, all would be well.

But in 1135, against doctor's orders, he ate a hearty meal of lampreys, got acute indigestion, which turned into fever, and died. He was buried at his abbey in Reading---some said in a silver coffin, for which there was an unsuccessful search at the Dissolution. [Source: Who's Who in the Middle Ages, John Fines, Barnes & Noble Books, New York, 1995]

Henry married Concubine Edith Fitzforne SIGULFSON in Associated With Concubine. Edith (daughter of Forne FITZSIGULF, 1st Lord Of Greystoke and Alditha) was born about 1072 in Greystoke, Cumberland, England; died in 1152; was buried in Oseney Abbey. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Isabel (Elizabeth) DE BEAUMONT in Associated With Concubine. Isabel (daughter of Earl Robert De BEAUMONT and Isabel (Elizabeth) DE VERMANDOIS) was born about 1096 in Of Leicester, Leicestershire, England; died about 1173. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Nesta Verch RHYS, Princess Of Deheubarth in Associated With. Nesta and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Ansfride about 1086 in England. Ansfride and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Sybilla CORBET in 1092 in Concubine. Sybilla (daughter of Sir Robert CORBET) was born about 1082 in Alcester, Warwickshire, England; died about 1156. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Matilda (Maud) HUNTINGTON on 11 Nov 1100 in Westminster Abbey, London, Middlesex, England. Matilda (daughter of Waltheof II, Earl Of Northumberland and Judith, Of Boulogne) was born about 1072 in Of Huntingdon, Huntingdonshire, England; died on 23 Apr 1130-1131 in Scotland; was buried in Scone, Perthshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Princess Matilda "Atheling" CAENMOR, Of Scotland on 11 Nov 1100 in Westminster Abbey, London, Middlesex, England. Matilda (daughter of King Malcolm "Longneck" III CAENMOR, Scotland and Margaret "Atheling" Queen Of SCOTLAND, Qn Of Scotland) was born about 1079-1080 in Dunfermline Abbey, Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland; died on 1 May 1118 in Westminster, London, Middlesex, England; was buried in Jun 1118 in Church Of St Peter, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Adelicia, Princess Of Brabant on 29 Jan 1122 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England. Adelicia (daughter of Godfrey "A La Barbe", Duke Of Lorraine and Clementia, Countess Of Namur) was born about 1094 in Of Brabant, Netherlands; died on 23 Apr 1151 in Affligham, Flanders, France; was buried in Reading Abbey, Reading, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• _UID: 08837F5DC3F941BC8D45C590DC9392ED35C8

Notes:

Fresh from his defeat of King Harold at the Battle of Hastings, William of Normandy has returned home in triumph, accompanied by the English nobles he cannot trust to leave behind. For Waltheof of Huntingdon, however, rebellion is not at the forefront of his thoughts. From the moment he catches sight of Judith, daughter of the King's formidable sister, he knows he has found his future wife. When Waltheof saves Judith's life, it is clear that the attraction is mutual. But marriage has little to do with love in mediaeval Europe. William refuses to let the couple wed and Waltheof joins an uprising against him. William crushes the rebellion but decides the best way to keep Waltheof in check is to agree to the marriage. But is the match between Saxon earl and Norman lady one made in heaven or hell? As their children grow, Waltheof and Judith must choose between their feelings for each other and older loyalties. Based on an astonishing true story, THE WINTER MANTLE reaches from the turbulent reign of William the Conqueror to the high drama of the crusades.
From the Book by Elizabeth Chadwick, The Winter Mantle.

Judith married Waltheof II, Earl Of Northumberland in 1070 in Of Artois, France. Waltheof (son of Siward BIORNSSON and Aelfled (Elfleda) Of Bernicia) was born about 1046 in Of Northumberland, England; died on 31 May 1076; was buried in Jun 1076 in Crowland, Lincolnshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• AFN: V9V7-BV
• FamilySearch ID: 9CS2-22H
• TitleOfNobility: ; 1st Earl Of Gloucester
• TitleOfNobility: ; Baron of Okehampton
• TitleOfNobility: ; Lord of Okehampton
• Name: Robert (Earl Of Gloucester) DE CAEN
• Name: Robert FITZROY
• Name: Robert FITZROY
• Name: Robert Rufus
• Name: The King's Son
• Occupation: ; Consul
• Reference Number: ems-jw
• MilitaryService: 1119; and fought in the Battle of Bremule where his father defeated Louis VI of France
• MilitaryService: 1122; and led a force to capture Brionne Castle held by rebels in Normandy

Notes:

Robert FitzRoy, 1st Earl of Gloucester (c. 1090 ? 31 October 1147) (alias Robert Rufus, Robert de Caen, Robert Consul) was an illegitimate son of King Henry I of England. He was the half-brother of the Empress Matilda, and her chief military supporter during the civil war known as The Anarchy, in which she vied with Stephen of Blois for the throne of England.
Robert was probably the eldest of Henry's many illegitimate children. He was born before his father's accession to the English throne, either during the reign of his grandfather William the Conqueror or his uncle William Rufus. He is sometimes and erroneously designated as a son of Nest, daughter of Rhys ap Tewdwr, last king of Deheubarth, although his mother has been identified as a member of "the Gay or Gayt family of north Oxfordshire", possibly a daughter of Rainald Gay (fl. 1086) of Hampton Gay and Northbrook Gay in Oxfordshire. Rainald had known issue Robert Gay of Hampton (died c. 1138) and Stephen Gay of Northbrook (died after 1154). A number of Oxfordshire women feature as the mothers of Robert's siblings.

Robert may have been a native of Caen or he may have been only Constable and Governor of that city, jure uxoris.

Robert's father had contracted him in marriage to Mabel FitzHamon, daughter and heir of Robert Fitzhamon, but the marriage was not solemnized until June 1119 at Lisieux. His wife brought him the substantial honours of Gloucester in England and Glamorgan in Wales, and the honours of Sainte-Scholasse-sur-Sarthe and ?vrecy in Normandy, as well as Creully. After the White Ship disaster late in 1120, and probably because of this marriage, in 1121 or 1122 his father created him Earl of Gloucester.

Family
Robert and his wife Mabel FitzHamon married in 1119, and they had seven children:
1. William FitzRobert (c.1121 ? 1183): succeeded his father as 2nd Earl of Gloucester
2. Roger FitzRobert (c. 1123 ? 1179): Bishop of Worcester
3. Hamon FitzRobert, knight (c. 1124 ? 1159): killed at the siege of Toulouse.
4. Richard FitzRobert, Lord of Creully (c. 1125 ? 1175): succeeded his mother as Sire de Creully.
5. Matilda FitzRobert (c. 1126 ? 1189): married in 1143 Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester.
6. Mabel FitzRobert: married Aubrey de Vere
7. Philip FitzRobert, Lord of Cricklade (c. 1130 ? 1148)

He also had four illegitimate children:
1. Richard FitzRobert (died 1142): Bishop of Bayeux [mother: Isabel de Douvres, sister of Richard de Douvres, bishop of Bayeux (1107? 1133)]
2. Robert FitzRobert (died 1170): Castellan of Gloucester, married in 1147 Hawise de Reviers (daughter of Baldwin de Reviers, 1st Earl of Devon and his first wife Adelisa), had daughter Mabel FitzRobert (married firstly Jordan de Chambernon and secondly William de Soliers)
3. Mabel FitzRobert: married Gruffud, Lord of Senghenydd, son of Ifor Bach.
4. Thomas FitzRobert

Relationship with King Stephen
There is evidence in the contemporary source, the Gesta Stephani, that Robert was proposed by some as a candidate for the throne, but his illegitimacy ruled him out:
"Among others came Robert, Earl of Gloucester, son of King Henry, but a bastard, a man of proved talent and admirable wisdom. When he was advised, as the story went, to claim the throne on his father's death, deterred by sounder advice he by no means assented, saying it was fairer to yield it to his sister's son (the future Henry II of England), than presumptuously to arrogate it to himself."
This suggestion cannot have led to any idea that he and Stephen were rivals for the Crown, as Geoffrey of Monmouth in 1136 referred to Robert as one of the 'pillars' of the new King's rule.
The capture of King Stephen at the Battle of Lincoln on 2 February 1141 gave the Empress Matilda the upper hand in her battle for the throne, but by alienating the citizens of London she failed to be crowned Queen. Her forces were defeated at the Rout of Winchester on 14 September 1141, and Robert of Gloucester was captured nearby at Stockbridge.
The two prisoners, King Stephen and Robert of Gloucester, were then exchanged, but by freeing Stephen, the Empress Matilda had given up her best chance of becoming queen. She later returned to France, where she died in 1167, though her son succeeded Stephen as King Henry II in 1154.

Robert of Gloucester died in 1147 at Bristol Castle, where he had previously imprisoned King Stephen, and was buried at St James' Priory, Bristol, which he had founded.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert,_1st_Earl_of_Gloucester

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"Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families," Douglas Richardson (2013):
"ROBERT FITZ ROY, in right of his wife, of Gloucester, Bristol, Tewkesbury, and Cardiff, seigneur of Creully in Calvados, and Torigny in Manche, Normandy, illegitimate son, probably born about 1090. He witnessed charters of his father the king from about April 1113. He fought at the Battle of Br?mul? in 1119, where his father, King Henry I, defeated King Louis VI of France. He married before 1122 MABEL FITZ ROBERT, daughter and heiress of Robert Fitz Hamon, of Gloucester, Bristol, Tewkesbury, and Cardiff, seigneur of Creully in Calvados, and Torigny in Manche, Normandy, hereditary Governor of Caen, by Sybil, daughter of Roger de Montgomery, Earl of Shrewsbury. They had six sons, William [Earl of Gloucester], Philip, Hamon, Roger [Bishop of Worcester], Richard [seigneur of Creully], and Robert, and two daughters, Maud and Mabel. By an unknown mistress, he also had an illegitimate son, Richard [Bishop of Bayeux]. He was created Earl of Gloucester between June and September 1122. In 1123 he brought a force to assist in the capture of Brionne Castle, which was held by rebellious Norman barons. In 1126 he had the custody of his uncle, Robert, Duke of Normandy, as a prisoner at Bristol, and later at Cardiff. The same year he secured a working relationship with the Welsh-dominated church of south Wales, under its aggressive bishop, Urban. In 1127 he did homage to the Empress Maud, recognizing her as his father's successor in the kingdom. In 1130 he sanctioned the foundation of Neath Abbey. In 1133, following the death of Richard, Bishop of Bayeux, he was sent by his father to Bayeux to enquire as to the fees and services due to the see by its barons, knights, and vavasours. He was present at his father's death at Lions-le-For?t in Dec. 1135, and had 60,000 livres from him, apparently as executor. On Stephen's subsequent accession to the English throne and his recognition as Duke by the Normans, Robert gave up Falaise to his agents, but removed his father's treasure. In March 1136 he returned to England, and after Easter did homage for his English lands. About this time or in the following year he founded St. James's Priory at Bristol. In 1137 he accompanied Stephen to Normandy, but they quarrelled, and next year his English and Welsh estates were forfeited. Thereupon he prepared for war with Stephen and took up the cause of his half-sister, Maud, in Normandy. In Sept. 1139 he landed in England with Maud and took her to Arundel Castle, and became her commander-in-chief in the civil war that ensued. His first significant campaign, once the empress was established in England, was directed at the city of Worcester, which he sacked 7 November 1139. In May 1140 he was delegated by his sister to negotiate at Bath with the king' envoys, but nothing came of the meeting. Later in 1140 he and the Earl of Warwick led a successful raid on Nottingham. In 1141 he and his son-in-law, Ranulph, Earl of Chester, recruited a large army, including a force of Welsh under the kings of Glamorgan and Gwynedd. Their army encountered the king's army near Lincoln and dispersed it, capturing the king himself. The king was removed to Gloucester and then to Bristol, Earl Robert's principal English castle. He subsequently accompanied Maud in her progress to Winchester and London, and when the citizens drove her out, he fled with her to Oxford. He was captured at Stockbridge 14 Sept. 1141, and taken prisoner to Rochester. Shortly afterwards, he was exchanged for King Stephen. In June 1142 Maud sent him over to her husband, Geoffrey of Anjou, to urge him to invade England; Geoffrey declined to help until he had conquered Normandy, whereupon Robert joined him in the campaign. Sometime between 1141-3, probably in June 1142, he signed a treaty friendship with Miles, Earl of Hereford, by which the two men agreed to support each other, especially in the war between King Stephen and Empress Maud. In 1143 he defeated King Stephen at Wilton. In 1144 he blockaded Malmesbury, Stephen refusing to battle; but Maud's party was so much reduced that Stephen was able to take Faringdon, which Robert had fortified. He witnessed a charter of Henry d'Oilly in the period, 1144-47. In the spring of 1147 he took Henry, Maud's son, back to Wareham and sent him over to Anjou. In his last year, probably on his deathbed, he made moves to assist the Cistercians, who were attempting to set up a house in upland Glamorgan; the resultant abbey of Margam counted him as its founder. ROBERT FITZ ROY, 1st Earl of Gloucester, died at Bristol 31 October 1147, and was buried in the Priory church of St. James, BristoL His widow, Mabel, Countess of Gloucester, died 29 Sept. 1157.

Robert married Maud (Mabel) FITZHAMON, Countess Of Glo in Jun 1119 in Lisieux, Calvados, Duchy of Normandy, France. Maud (daughter of Lord Robert FITZHAMON, of Gloucester and Glamorgan and Sybil DE MONTGOMERY) was born in 1090 in Of, Gloucestershire, England; died on 29 Sep 1157 in Bristol, Gloucestershire, England; was buried after 29 Sep 1157 in Bristol, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Robert married Matilda AVRANCHES, Heiress Of Okehampton about 1162 in England. Matilda (daughter of Robert D'AVRANCHES and Baroness Hawise DE DOL) was born about 1115 in Okehampton, Devonshire, England; died on 21 Sep 1173 in Okehampton, Devon, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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Family/Spouse: Alexander, I. Alexander and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• FamilySearch ID: M1YP-2MC
• _UID: 93C5E3198F2B4092AA1F7805E3B75B5D786F

Notes:

AKA Reginald FITZ ROY. Aka Rainald Born out of wedlock between 1100 and 1115. Miltary/Fought: between 1137 and 1138. Anjou forces raided Normandy. "Baldwin (de Redvers, 6553) joined in Geoffrey's (d'Anjou/Plantagenet's) attacks on Normandy. 'Two chroniclers single him out (with Reginald de Dunstanville and Stephen de Mandeville) as one who brought havoc to the Cotentin, and who 'by his pillaging raids ... carried everything away without pity; creating disorder everywhere, he made himself a terror to all" (Earldom of Devon Charters.). Circa 1140 Property: Tintagel castle writing of castles springing up in Cornwall in Stephen's time: "But most famous of all is the fabled castle of Arthur and Mark, Tintagel, buttressed by the promontory rock and girdled by the ocean itself. It was begun abt 1140 by Reginald, Earl of Cornwall, another of Henry I's illegitimate sons, and another half-brother of Matilda's" (F.E. Halliday, A History of Cornwall (No place: Duckworth, 1959; 2nd ed 1975). Hereinafter cited as Cornwall.). In 1140 Earl of Cornwall; created by King Stephen. Married Mabel (----) c 1139, Cornwall (Halliday, Cornwall.); "Reginald was also the newly acquired son-in-law of Wm Fitz Richard, the formidable Lord of Cardinham, whom Stephen had appointed his lieutenant of the county." doesn't give wife's name. Before 1175 Mistress Douglas Richardson posted, "Beatrice "de Valle," wife of William Briwerre appears to have been the daughter of Hubert de Vaux and his wife, Grace. At least that is the implication of various pieces of evidence which I have assembled over the years. Before she married William Briwerre, she was mistress of Reynold Fitz Roy (or de Mortain), Earl of Cornwall, by whom she had a son, Henry Fitz Count." Died in 1175 (Earldom of Devon Charters.) (Given-Wilson, Royal Bastards.).

Reginald married Beatrice (Mabel) FITZRICHARD in 1135. Beatrice (daughter of William FITZRICHARD, Lord Cardinand) was born in 1114 in Cardinan, Cornwall, England; died in 1162. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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Ancestral File Number: 9T9Q-00

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Ancestral File Number: 8XJ0-KR

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• FamilySearch ID: GSZW-BQX
• Name: Atheling
• _UID: C347D8F110E84FA88518C2264537455D65D6

Notes:

Cause of death - drowned in the White Ship

William married Isabelle D' ANJOU in Jun 1119 in Lisieux, Normandy. Isabelle (daughter of Rene D'ANJOU, KING OF NAPLES, SICILY, AND JERUSALEM , DUKE OF ANJOU, I, "The Good King Rene" and Isabella Duchess of LORRAINE, Queen consort of Naples) was born on 3 Jul 1423 in Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle, Lorraine, France; died between 1433 in Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle, Lorraine, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• FamilySearch ID: 9CW3-3SK
• _UID: AFFDD381E24346B999BDF3FA274503885E10

Notes:

Ancestral File Number: 9FM0-NL

Maud married Count Geoffrey V "Le Bon" PLANTAGENET on 22 May 1127 in , Le Mans, Sarthe, France. Geoffrey (son of Foulq (Fulk) "The Young" D'ANJOU, King Of Jerusalem and Countess Ermengarde DU MAINE) was born on 24 Aug 1113 in Anjou, France; died on 7 Sep 1150 in Chateau, Eure-Et-Loire, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• FamilySearch ID: G41M-MZP
• _UID: 5C7A5E9684CC45A9B1C66CB16CCC33EBF293

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Ancestral File Number: 8XJ0-N9

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Matilda married King Henry I Beauclerc Of Angevin ENGLAND, Of England on 11 Nov 1100 in Westminster Abbey, London, Middlesex, England. Henry (son of William II "The Conqueror" Of Normandy ANGEVIN, King Of England and Countess Matilda LE CHAUVRE, Queen Of England) was born in 1068 in Selby, Yorkshire, England; was christened on 5 Aug 1100 in When Crowned, Selby, Yorkshire, England; died on 1 Dec 1135 in Saint-Denis-en-Lyons, Normandy, France; was buried on 3 Jan 1136 in Reading Abbey, Reading, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Matilda married David I "The Saint", King Of Scotland in 1113-1114 in Scotland. David (son of Malcolm III "Ceanmor (Longneck)", I King Of Scotland and Margaret "Atheling", Queen Of Scotland) was born about 1084 in Scotland; died on 24 May 1153 in Carlisle, Cumberland, England; was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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